就业质量、社会认知与农民工幸福感  

Employment Quality, Social Cognition and Rural-urban Migrants' Sense of Happiness

作　　者：卢海阳[1] 杨龙[1] 李宝值[2] 

机构地区：[1]福建农林大学公共管理学院 [2]浙江省农业科学院农村发展研究所

出　　处：《中国农村观察》2017年第3期57-71,共15页China Rural Survey

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年项目“基于社会融入视角的农民工健康及其促进机制研究”(编号:71603052);教育部人文社会科学青年基金项目“农民工的社会融入及其健康效应研究”(编号:16YJCZH065);福建省科技厅软科学项目“产业结构升级过程中福建省农民工的人力资本培育途径研究”(编号:2017R0010)的资助

摘　　要：本文基于2013年中国综合社会调查(CGSS)和《中国统计年鉴2014》数据,应用有序Logit模型和OLS模型探讨了就业质量和社会认知对农民工幸福感的影响及其代际差异。进一步地,为了克服主观变量间双向因果关系所导致的潜在内生性问题,本文选取"是否熟悉居委会历史"和"是否有投票经历"作为工具变量,采用2SLS模型进行了内生性分析和稳健性检验。研究结果显示:第一,就业质量对农民工幸福感影响显著,其中,劳动报酬对农民工幸福感有显著的正向影响,参加医疗保险或养老保险的农民工的幸福感更高,而工作时间有显著的负向影响,签订劳动合同的农民工的幸福感更低;第二,良好的社会公平感知、较高的经济地位感知和积极的情绪状态可以提高农民工幸福感,积极的情绪状态还能有效缓解工作时间对农民工幸福感的负向效应;第三,就业质量和社会认知对农民工幸福感的影响存在代际差异,工作类型和劳动报酬对新生代农民工幸福感的影响显著高于对老一代农民工幸福感的影响,而劳动合同签订状况、是否参加养老保险和经济地位感知的影响则呈现相反的情况。Using data from 2013 CGSS and China Statistical Yearbook 2014, this article examines the impact of employment quality and social cognition on rural-urban migrants＇ sense of happiness and the generation difference. The study generally uses an ordered logit model and an OLS regression. The study also employs a 2SLS model to conduct robustness tests to the possible presence of endogeneity problems. The results show that, first of all, employment quality significantly affects rural-urban migrants＇ sense of happiness. Specifically, the criteria such as remuneration, medical insurance and pension insurance are positively associated with the sense of happiness, whereas working hours and labor contract have a negative effect. Secondly, social cognition variables, including a good sense of fairness, higher economic status and a positive emotional state, are positively related to rural-urban migrants＇ sense of happiness. Also, their positive emotional state is found to effectively moderate the adverse effect of working hours on their sense of happiness. Thirdly, a generation difference is found concerning the impact of employment quality and social cognition on rural-urban migrants＇ sense of happiness. Compared to the first generation of rural-urban migrants, the sense of happiness of their second generation is shown to be under greater influence from job type and remuneration, whereas the criteria of labor contract, pension insurance and the sense of economic status demonstrate an opposite effect.

关 键 词：农民工 幸福感 就业质量 社会认知 内生性 

分 类 号：C971[经济管理—劳动经济]