分区集群式清洁养殖池塘浮游生物群落结构及水环境特征  

The plankton community structure and water environment features in ponds under partition cluster clean aquaculture

作　　者：张家卫 赵文[1] 丁建华 张晨[1] 李媛[1] 蔡志龙[1] 

机构地区：[1]大连海洋大学辽宁省水生生物学重点实验室,大连116023 [2]山西省水产技术推广站,太原030002

出　　处：《生态学报》2017年第10期3577-3585,共9页Acta Ecologica Sinica

摘　　要：以传统模式养殖池作对照,研究了分区集群式清洁养殖模式池塘浮游生物群落结构及其水环境特征。结果表明,集群模式池塘网箱内外TN(总氮)分别为1.22 mg/L和1.31 mg/L,TP(总磷)分别为0.169 mg/L和0.170 mg/L,传统模式TN、TP分别为1.76 mg/L和0.689 mg/L。共检出浮游植物6门169种,绿藻门占优。密集养殖区(网箱内)浮游植物生物量为24.54 mg/L,多样性指数2.52,清洁区(网箱外)生物量23.51 mg/L,多样性指数2.47;共检出浮游动物183种,轮虫类占优。密集养殖区浮游动物生物量3.53 mg/L,多样性指数1.82,清洁区生物量2.95 mg/L,多样性指数1.86,传统模式浮游植物、浮游动物生物量分别为49.12、0.53 mg/L,多样性指数分别为2.06、1.79。与传统模式相对比,集群模式池塘TN、TP降低,蓝藻比例下降,浮游植物生物量减少,浮游动物生物量增大,生物多样性指数提高,水环境有一定改善。The structure of plankton community and water environment features in ponds under partition cluster clean aquaculture were studied by using the traditional model pond as control. Through collecting water samples and monitoring water chemistry index, some indicators include phytoplankton species, density, biomass and so on were identified. The differences between cluster aquaculture model and traditional aquaculture model in phytoplankton community structure and water chemistry index were analyzed using related statistical methods. The results indicated that the TN concentration both inside and outside of cages set in the new model pond are 1.22 mg/L and 1.31 mg/L, respectively. TP concentration are 0.169 mg/L and 0.170 mg/L, respectively. However, TN and TP concentration were 1.76 mg/L and 0.689 mg/L, respectively in traditional aquaculture ponds. A total of 6 phylum and 169 species of phytoplankton were detected, and green algae was the dominant taxonomy. The next is Cyanophyta and Baccillariophyta. And the dominant species are also concentrated in the three species. Phytoplankton biomass of intensive aquaculture area was 24.54 mg/L, diversity index was 2.52, and biomass and diversity index of clean area was 23.51 mg/L and 2.47, respectively. A total of 183 species of zooplankton were identified in the survey area, and the maximum dominant species occurred in rotifer. The next is Protozoa, and the least are Cladocera and Copepoda. Zooplankton biomass of intensive aquaculture area was 3.53 mg/L, diversity index was 1.82. Biomass and diversity index of clean area were 2.95 mg/L and 1.86, respectively. Biomass of phytoplankton and zooplankton in traditional aquaculture ponds were 49.12 mg/L and 0.53 mg/L, respectively. And their diversity index were 2.06 and 1.79, respectively. Compared with the traditional model, at the new model pond, stool accumulation was reduced, TN and TP concentration were decreased, the decline in the proportion of cyanobacteria, phytoplankton biomass decreased, the increase in zooplankton

关 键 词：分区集群式清洁养殖 浮游生物 群落结构 多样性指数 水环境特征 

分 类 号：S931.1[农业科学—渔业资源]