添加剂对厨余垃圾堆肥中H_2S和NH_3排放的影响  

EFFECT OF ADDITIVE AGENTS ON H_2S AND NH_3 EMISSIONS DURING KITCHEN WASTE COMPOSTING

作　　者：张红玉[1] 王桂琴[2] 顾军[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京建筑材料科学研究总院固废资源化利用与节能建材国家重点实验室,北京100041 [2]北京市环境卫生设计科学研究所,北京100028

出　　处：《环境工程》2017年第5期112-116,共5页Environmental Engineering

基　　金：北京市自然科学基金项目(8144050);国家科技支撑计划(2012BAC15B04);国家自然科学基金项目(41275161)

摘　　要：以大类粗分后的厨余垃圾为研究对象,玉米秸秆作为调理剂,以不添加菌剂的处理作为对照(CK),以添加腐熟堆肥、鼠李糖脂和固体专用菌剂为3个处理,研究菌剂添加对厨余垃圾堆肥过程中H_2S和NH_3排放的影响。研究结果表明:菌剂添加促进了堆肥腐熟;添加腐熟堆肥更能有效地降低厨余垃圾堆肥过程中H_2S排放,而鼠李糖脂的添加更能有效控制NH_3的排放。从恶臭气体控制、堆肥腐熟并结合H_2S和NH_3的检知嗅阈,优选腐熟堆肥作为厨余垃圾堆肥过程中实现H_2S和NH_3同时减排的添加剂。In order to reduce the emission of NH3 and H2S which cause odor, we designed the experiments to investigate the effects of compost inoculation, rhamnolipid and special solid-state microbial agent on producing and releasing of H2S and NH3 during kitchen waste composting. The composting treatment without adding microbial was used as the control. Results showed all compost products met with national sanitation standard and achieved maturity. Adding of microbial improved the maturity of kitchen waste composting. In kitchen waste composting process, adding compost inoculation could effectively reduce the HE S emission. While the addition of rhamnolipid could effectively control the emission of NH3. Taking the odors control, compost maturity and the olfactory threshold of H2S and NH3 into consideration, compost inoculation was recommended for simultaneously controlling of HaS and NH3 emissions during kitchen waste composting.

关 键 词：厨余垃圾 堆肥 菌剂 H2S NH3 

分 类 号：X799.3[环境科学与工程—环境工程]