奥斯特罗姆的公共池塘治理理论及其对我国林业改革的启示  

Astrom's Common-Pool Resources Governance Theory and Its Implication for Forestry Reform in China

作　　者：谢晨[1] 张坤[1] 王佳男[1] Xie Chen Zhang Kun WangJianan(China National Forestry Economics and Development Research Center, Beijing 100714)

机构地区：[1]国家林业局经济发展研究中心,北京100714

出　　处：《林业经济》2017年第5期3-10,18,共9页Forestry Economics

摘　　要：文章在简要梳理奥斯特罗姆的公共池塘资源自主治理一般原理的基础上,重点分析了她及其团队对林业和森林治理问题的研究成果。研究发现,奥斯特罗姆的林业和森林资源自主治理理论和实践,对发展中国家的林业政策和森林使用者的生计产生广泛影响。在我国,不仅在传统森林经营中,如毛泽东在《寻乌调查》中所记录的山林制度,与公共池塘资源自主治理理论相契合,在当前集体林权改革深入进展的情况下,尽管绝大多数集体林地分给农户经营,但我国仍存在各种形式的公共池塘森林资源。借鉴奥氏理论,对于衔接传统森林经营与集体林权改革,提高我国的森林可持续经营水平和效率具有借鉴意义。同时,研究我国林业政策和制度的形成机制,探索我国森林治理的一般规律,也是林业改革与发展的重大课题。The paper briefly introduced the common pool resources （CPR）governance theory, then highlighted their research on forest resources self-governance, and finally put forward some policy recommendations. It was found that Ostrom＇s forest resources self-govemance theory and practice had play an important role on developing countries forest resources management and forestry livelihood. In China, traditional forestry management regulation, like the forest management regulation in Mao Zedong＇ s ＂Xunwu Survey Report＂, was in line with CPR self-gov- ernance. There are still many type of CPR forest management regime existed in China, even under the collective forestry tenure reform. The theory of CPR self-governance could be applied to Chinese forestry sector to facilitate forest sustainable management by connecting traditional forest management with current collective forestry tenure reform. At the same time, studying the formation mechanism of Chinese forestry policy and system, exploring the general law of Chinese forest governance are also major issues of forest reform and development.

关 键 词：公共池塘自主治理 埃莉诺·奥斯特罗姆 林业改革 森林可持续经营 

分 类 号：F326.22[经济管理—产业经济]