‘辣椒杏’花芽形态分化  

Morphological differentiation of flower buds in Armeniaca vulgaris ‘Lajiaoxing'

作　　者：孙静芳[1] 廖康[1] 董胜利 章世奎 齐延巧 杨文莉[1] 周伟权[1] 

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学特色果树研究中心,新疆乌鲁木齐830052 [2]轮台国家果树资源圃,新疆轮台841600

出　　处：《经济林研究》2017年第2期188-193,共6页Non-wood Forest Research

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区科技计划项目"新疆特色果树种质资源利用技术研究与示范"(201130102-1);新疆维吾尔自治区果树重点学科基金项目

摘　　要：为了了解‘辣椒杏’花芽分化时期与分化特点,从而为降低其败育率、丰产栽培及育种提供有效的理论依据,通过外部形态观察及石蜡切片法对‘辣椒杏’等3个杏品种花芽分化进行研究。结果表明:‘辣椒杏’与‘旦杏’花芽分化集中在6月底至8月底,‘库买提’花芽分化集中在6月底至9月初。各品种所经历的分化时期一致,其分化过程分为未分化期、分化初期、萼片分化期、花瓣分化期、雄蕊分化期、雌蕊分化期6个时期。在同一时间可观察到处于不同分化时期的花芽,各时期均有重叠现象,但持续时间不同,‘辣椒杏’与‘旦杏’持续时间较为接近。在6个分化时期中分化初期历时最长,其它时期各品种历时10~30 d不等。‘辣椒杏’与‘旦杏’花芽分化的整体进程比‘库买提’早10 d左右,从花芽开始分化到雌蕊形成,3个品种均历时约90 d。To understand Armeniaca vulgaris ＇Lajiaoxing＇ flower bud differentiation period and differentiation characteristics, so as to provide effective theoretical basis for reducing abortion rate, high yield cultivation and breeding, external morphological observation and paraffin sectioning were adopted to study the fower bud differentiation in A. vulgaris ＇Lajiaoxing＇ and other two apricot cultivars. The results showed that flower bud differentiation in A. vulgaris ＇Lajiaoxing＇ and A. vulgaris ＇Danxing＇ focused from the end of June to the end of August, and that in A. vulgaris ＇Kumaiti＇ concentrated from the end of June to early September. They had the same periods of differentiation, the differentiation process was divided into six periods, undifferentiated stage, initial differentiation stage, sepal differentiation stage, petal differentiation stage, stamen differentiation stage and pistil differentiation stage. At the same time, flower buds at different differentiation stages could be found, each stage had overlapping but different duration, and durations of the stages in A. vulgaris ＇Lajiaoxing＇ and A. vulgaris ＇Danxing＇ were similar. During the six stages of differentiation, initial differentiation stage lasted the longest time, and the other stages lasted 10-30 days. The whole processes of flower bud differentiation in A. vulgaris ＇Lajiaoxing＇ andA. vulgaris ＇Danxing＇ were earlier about 10 days than that in A. vulgaris ＇Kurnti＇. From the beginning of flower bud differentiation to pistil formation, three varieties lasted about 90 days.

关 键 词：'辣椒杏’ 花芽分化 分化时期 

分 类 号：S662.2[农业科学—果树学]