金桔精油化学成分GC-MS分析及其对小鼠急性毒性  

Chemical constituents of kumquat essential oil analyzed by GC-MS and their acute toxicity in mice

作　　者：宋莎娜 米娜[1] 许立拔[1] 王巍[1] 林彩霞[1] 高玲[1] 蒋伟哲[1] 巫玲玲[1] 

机构地区：[1]广西医科大学药学院,南宁530021

出　　处：《国际药学研究杂志》2017年第5期461-465,共5页Journal of International Pharmaceutical Research

基　　金：基金项目:广西教育厅校企共建科技创新平台-西南特色民族药物开发工程研究中心(桂教科研[2013]8号-3)

摘　　要：目的分析金桔精油化学成分、含量及其对小鼠的急性毒性。方法采用GC-MS对其化学成分进行分析鉴定。经LD_(50)预实验后,在100%致死剂量和0%致死剂量间按组间公比0.758设6个剂量组,分别为10、7.60、5.70、4.40、3.30和2.50 ml/kg,另设溶媒对照组(橄榄油),每组小鼠20只,雌雄各半。单次给药后观察14 d,记录急性毒性反应情况。结果经GC-MS检测,金桔精油化学成分主要有7种,其相对百分含量占总精油量的99.43%,分别为α-蒎烯(0.46%)、β-水芹烯(0.11%)、β-月桂烯(2.34%)、D-柠檬烯(95.62%)、乙酸香叶酯(0.10%)、β-可巴烯(0.67%)和γ-榄香烯(0.13%)。雌性小鼠LD_(50)为6.24 ml/kg,95%置信区间为(5.39~7.33)ml/kg;雄性小鼠LD_(50)为5.73 ml/kg,95%可信限为(4.91~6.79)ml/kg,可能涉及的毒性靶器官有肝、脾、胃肠道。结论首次分离得到D-柠檬烯含量>95%的金桔精油,按世界卫生组织的标准得出金桔精油的毒性分级为低毒。Objective To analyze the chemical constituents of kumquat essential oil（KEO） and the acute toxicity of KEO in mice. Methods The chemical constituents of KEO were analyzed by GC-MS. After preliminary test,KM mice were randomly divided into control and KEO groups with 20 mice in each group（10 male and 10 female）. The doses of KEO were designed with ratio 0.758 between the 100% and 0% mortality amount as 10,7.60,5.70,4.40,3.30 and 2.50 ml/kg. The acute toxicity was evaluated by examination of the mice for 14 days after single administration of KEO. Results The principal constituents in KEO were α-pinene（0.46%）,β-phellandrene（0.11%）,β-myrcene（2.34%）,D-limonene（95.62%）,geranyl acetate（0.10%）,β-copaene（0.67%）,and γ-elemene（0.13%）,which accounted for 99.43% of the total chemical content of KEO. The half-lethal dose（LD_（50））of KEO in mice by the acute toxicity test was 6.24 ml/kg with the 95% confidence limit of（5.39-7.33）ml/kg in female mice and 5.73 ml/kg with the 95% confidence limit of （4.91-6.79）ml/kg in male mice. The possible toxic target organs were liver,spleen and gastrointestinal tract. Conclusion KEO with the content of D-limonene was obtained from kumquat for the first time,and the toxicity of the KEO was low according to the toxicity classification standard of World Health Organization.

关 键 词：金桔精油 化学成分 急性毒性 半数致死量 

分 类 号：R284[医药卫生—中药学] R285.5[医药卫生—中医学]