2016年春季河池市冰雹天气特征及人影消雹实例分析  

Analysis of hail weather characteristics and artificial hail mitigation in 2016 spring of Hechi

作　　者：莫益江 

机构地区：[1]河池市气象局,广西河池547000

出　　处：《气象研究与应用》2017年第1期43-46,共4页Journal of Meteorological Research and Application

摘　　要：为了解2016年春季河池市冰雹天气特点,提高冰雹天气的预报准确率为防灾减灾服务,利用micaps常规观测资料、灾情资料,对冰雹天气环流形势、环境场特征进行分析,并结合多普勒雷达观测资料对4月12日人影消雹作业实例进行分析评估。结果发现:冰雹发生前广西200h Pa处于槽前西南急流中,500h Pa有高原浅低槽或高原槽+南支槽配合东移,850h Pa贵州境内有切变线,河池市处于切变线南至东南部和西南急流左侧强烈辐合区中,地面有暖低压;冰雹的发生要求有能量的聚积,适宜的0℃和-20℃层,较强的垂直风切变,上干下湿的水汽分布;对反射率因子图上的55d BZ以上强回波、三体散射、VIL值等的准确判断,是抓住消雹作业有利时机的关键;合理布局,科学联合开展作业是有效应对冰雹,减小损失的重要手段。Based on the observation data of micaps and disaster data, the hail weather circulation situation and environmental field characteristics were analyzed, and the example of the artificial hail mitigation operation on April 12th was analyzed and evaluated with Doppler radar observation data. The results show that： before the hail occurred 200 hPa is in the southwest jet before the trough, 500hPa is moving eastward with the plateau low-shallow trough or plateau trough ＋ south branch trough, 850 hPa is in the strong convergence area of the south-to- southeast of the shear line and the left side of southwest jet, the ground has warm low pressure; hail occurrence requires energy accumulation, suitable 0 ℃ and - 20 ℃ layer, strong vertical wind shear, up-dry and low-wet water vapor distribution; the accurate judgments of the strong echo above 55dBZ on the reflectivity factor chart, TBSS, VIL value are key to seize the time of hail mitigation operation.

关 键 词：冰雹 环流形势 环境场 人影消雹 

分 类 号：P458.121.2[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]