膝关节股骨后髁偏心距的临床研究  

Clinical research of posterior femoral condylar offset

作　　者：辛星[1] 曲铁兵[2] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学国际医院,北京市102206 [2]中国康复研究中心北京博爱医院,北京市100068

出　　处：《中国组织工程研究》2017年第15期2432-2437,共6页Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research

基　　金：卫生部公益性行业科研专项经费(201302007)~~

摘　　要：背景:膝关节置换后功能恢复是当前矫形外科医师一个重要目标,股骨后髁偏心距重建在膝关节功能恢复过程中起着重要的作用。目的:明确膝关节股骨后髁偏心距形态学特点以及其影响膝关节功能恢复的机制。方法:检索Pub Med数据库和万方数据库有关股骨后髁偏心距及膝关节活动度的文章,英文检索词为"Arthroplasty;replacement;knee;femur;posterior condylar offset;range of motion";中文检索词为"膝关节置换术;膝关节;股骨;股骨后髁偏心距,膝关节活动度"。总共检索到96篇文献,其中38条文献符合纳入标准。结果与结论:股骨后髁偏心距存在性别、种族间及内外侧髁差异,为了重建膝关节生物力学,假体设计应当考虑性别、种族间及内外侧髁差异。此外,股骨后髁偏心距通过胫骨-股骨撞击及关节间隙平衡等机制影响膝关节功能恢复,但是其与膝关节置换术后最大屈曲度的相关性目前结论不一,需进一步临床技研究。BACKGROUND： For the orthopedic surgeon, the postoperative functional recovery after total knee arthroplasty, in which the reconstruction of posterior femoral condylar offset plays an important role, is an important goal.OBJECTIVE： To understand the anatomic characteristics of the femoral condylar offset and the mechanism how posterior condylar offset influences the functional recovery of knee joint after total knee arthroplasty.METHODS： The author searched PubMed database and Wanfang database for articles about posterior femoral offset and knee range of motion. The key words were ＆quot;arthroplasty; replacement; knee; femur; posterior condylar offset; range of motion＆quot;. A total of 96 articles were retrieved, and 38 articles met the inclusion criteria.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION： Posterior condylar offset had differences in gender, ethnics and medial and lateral condyles. To restore the biomechanics of the knee joint, the design of knee prosthesis should consider the difference in genders, ethnics, medial and lateral condyles. The influence mechanism is the ＆quot;femur-tibia impingement＆quot;and ＆quot;gap balance＆quot;. However, further clinical research is needed, for contradictory results regarding whether posterior condylar offset has an effect on knee flexion after total knee arthroplasty.

关 键 词：膝关节 股骨 关节成形术 节置 膝 活动度 组织工程 骨科植入物 人工假体 股骨后髁偏心距 股骨后髁偏心距率 膝关节置换术 膝关节活动度 

分 类 号：R318[医药卫生—生物医学工程]