基于变极绕组的异步起动永磁同步电动机起动性能研究  

Research on Starting Performance of Line-Start Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor Based on Pole Changing Winding

作　　者：田蒙蒙 王秀和[1] 杨玉波[1] 陈天民[1] 于浩霞 

机构地区：[1]山东大学电气工程学院,山东省济南市250061

出　　处：《中国电机工程学报》2017年第11期3287-3297,共11页Proceedings of the CSEE

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51577107)~~

摘　　要：异步起动永磁同步电动机(line-start permanent magnet synchronous motor,LSPMSM)因具有较高的效率、功率因数和转矩密度,因此在很多应用场合中远优于感应电机,但其应用又受限于较差的起动转矩和牵入同步能力。该文中设计了一种变极式异步起动永磁同步电机,其定子绕组采用新型的6/8变极绕组结构。通过对常规8极异步起动永磁同步电动机和变极异步起动永磁同步电动机工作原理的分析,以及利用二维有限元法比较分析起动过程中两电机的发电制动转矩、波动转矩、空载反电势及堵转转矩,其结果表明,6/8变极异步起动永磁同步电动机能够从根本上有效抑制发电制动转矩和波动转矩,显著提高了电机的起动能力。Line-start permanent magnet synchronous motors （LSPMSMs） have superior performance with respect to induction motors in many applications due to their high efficiency, improved power factor and enhanced torque density. But poor starting torque and synchronization capability, which restrict the motors’ applications, are the two serious shortcomings of these LSPMSMs. This paper presented a pole changing LSPMSM with a novel 6/8 pole changing stator winding. The operating principle of the 6/8 pole changing LSPMSM was analyzed and compared to the conventional 8-pole LSPMSM. Then the comparisons of braking torque, pulsating torque, no-load back electromotive force （EMF）, and locked torque between the proposed motor and conventional LSPMSM were studied by using two-dimensional finite element method （FEM）. The simulation and experimental results show that the braking and pulsating torques are suppressed fundamentally by using the 6/8 pole changing starting method, and meanwhile, the starting capability gets improved effectively.

关 键 词：变极式异步起动永磁同步电机 发电制动转矩 波动转矩 变极绕组 起动能力 

分 类 号：TM351[电气工程—电机]