耐力项目运动员运动后冷水浴的作用机制与实践应用  

A review of mechanisms and strategies of post-exercise cold water immersion for endurance athletes

作　　者：李钊[1] 李庆[1] 曹春梅[1] LI Zhao LI Qing CAO Chun-mei(Division of Sports Science and Physical Education,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China)

机构地区：[1]清华大学体育部,北京100084

出　　处：《山东体育学院学报》2017年第3期74-80,共7页Journal of Shandong Sport University

基　　金：北京市青年英才计划(YETP0150)

摘　　要：运动后冷水浴是当前世界竞技体育研究的热点问题,但耐力项目运动员运动后应用冷水浴的作用机制以及具体方法尚不清楚。通过对耐力项目运动员运动后应用冷水浴的相关研究文献进行梳理,在基础理论层面,从中枢神经系统、PGC-1α基因表达、心血管系统、自主神经系统、代谢产物清除、缓解肌纤维损伤与肌肉酸痛六个方面对其作用机制进行探讨;在实践应用层面认为,运动后每天进行持续时间5~15 min、温度10℃~15℃的冷水浴能够有效促进运动员的机能恢复,并对成绩产生增益效应。Post-exercise cold water immersion is a hot topic of training for athletes in the world.But the mechanisms and concrete methods are not clear. The review sorted out the data for endurance athletes using cold water immersion and discussed at a theoretical level the functional mechanism from 6 aspects: central nervous system,PGC-1αgene expression,cardiovascular system,autonomic nervous system,muscle metabolite removal and attenuating muscle damage and soreness.As for practical application,it is held that 10-15℃ cold water immersion for a duration of 5-15 min everyday can promote physical function recovery and better performance.

关 键 词：耐力训练 冷水浴 作用机制 实践应用 

分 类 号：G804.7[文化科学—运动人体科学]