论死刑司法控制的体系化展开——基于适用标准的解释路径  

The Systematic Construction of Judicial Control of Death Penalty——Based on The Interpretation Path of Applicable Standards

作　　者：满涛[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学法学院,北京100872

出　　处：《北京社会科学》2017年第6期108-117,共10页Social Sciences of Beijing

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目(15BFX085)

摘　　要：中国现行刑法中的死刑并不是完全意义上的"剥夺生命",而是一个概念集合,需要在不同条文规范中具体理解。在该种"死刑"规范体系中,中国死刑的适用应当遵循相应的进出分流机制,从而体系性地控制死刑的司法适用,实现罪刑均衡。基于严格限制死刑适用的目标共识,《刑法》第48条第1款中的"罪行极其严重"与"必须立即执行"应当分别是限制广义死刑与死刑立即执行的规范依据。"罪行极其严重"的解释,应当强调"罪行"是分则条款中的罪状表述、不包含人身危险性因素,且"极其严重"必须明确可辨;"必须立即执行"的解释,则应围绕人身危险性因素展开,主要通过罪前与罪后情节评估行为人的再犯可能性。The death penalty in China＇s criminal law is not “ deprivation of life” , but a concept set, which needs to be understood in different provisions. In this “ death penalty” system, the application of death penalty should follow the corresponding mechanism of entry and exit in order to systematically control it and realize the balance between crime and punishment. As the common objectives of strictly limiting the application of death penalty, the “ extremely serious crime” and “must be executed immediately” in clause 1, article 48 of our Criminal Law should be respectively understood as the norm basis of limiting the generalized death penalty and the immediate execution of death penalty. The explanation of “ extremely serious crime ” , should be emphasized that “ crime” is the descriptions in the specific provisions of criminal law, does not contain personal risk factors, and must be clearly discernible; the explanation of “ immediate action” should focus on personal risk factors, which mainly make the recidivism possibility assessment through the plots before and after crime.

关 键 词：死刑 广义死刑 司法控制 适用标准 

分 类 号：D914[政治法律—刑法学]