基于信息熵的模糊评价法及其在滑坡危险性评价中的应用  

Risk Assessment of Landslide Based on Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation and Information Entropy

作　　者：饶军[1] 沈简 唐绪波 傅旭东[1] 

机构地区：[1]武汉大学土木建筑工程学院,武汉430072

出　　处：《长江科学院院报》2017年第6期62-66,71,共6页Journal of Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划课题项目(2014BAL05B07)

摘　　要：随着滑坡灾害的发生日益频繁,且严重威胁着人类的生命财产安全,滑坡的防灾减灾工作越来越受到关注,而滑坡的危险性等级评价是其中的一个关键工作。模糊综合评价法是滑坡危险性评价工作中较常见的一种方法,其难点之一是确定各评价指标的权重。将成功应用于其他领域的基于信息熵的模糊评价法引入滑坡危险性的评价中,利用信息熵原理来确定各指标的权重,赋权结果较为客观,能消除主观随意性;构建的评价指标体系中,在选取了稳定性评价指标的基础上增加了易损性指标,指标体系较全面,能有效避免"有灾无害"的评价结果,使得评价结果更为合理。以湖北省神农架地区为例,运用结合信息熵的模糊综合评价模型对其中的5个典型滑坡进行了危险性评价,评价结果与该地区的滑坡灾情基本相符。可将研究成果应用于滑坡的危险性评价中,为滑坡的防灾减灾提供依据。Prevention and mitigation of landslide disaster have received increasing attention due to frequent landslides and their severe threats to the lives and properties of human being.Risk assessment of landslide is a critical work.Fuzzy comprehensive evaluation is a common method of researching the risks of landslide,and assigning weight to each index is a difficulty.In this article,fuzzy comprehensive evaluation based on information entropy,which has been successfully applied in other fields,is introduced into the risk assessment of landslide.Information entropy is used to assign weight to each index and the result of assigning weight is more objective with no subjective randomness.Moreover,vulnerability indexes are selected in addition to stability indexes,which avoid the evaluation result of'disasters of no harm'and finally make the evaluation result more logical.With Shennongjia area as a case study,the model of fuzzy comprehensive evaluation is applied with weights assigned by the theory of information entropy to evaluating the risks of five typical landslides.The evaluation result is consistent with the actual situation,hence can be used in risk assessment to provide basis for the prevention and mitigation of landslide.

关 键 词：滑坡 模糊综合评价 信息熵 危险性 易损性 

分 类 号：P642.22[天文地球—工程地质学]