Ti-Ni形状记忆合金复合悬摆减震系统性能试验研究  

Tests for performance of Ti-Ni SMA suspension pendulum vibration reduction system

作　　者：王社良[1] 余滨杉[1] 樊禹江[2] 杨涛[1] WANG Sheliang YU Binshan FAN Yujiang YANG Tao(School of Civil Engineering, Xi＇an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi ＇an 710055 , China School of Architecture, Chang, an University, Xi’ an710061,China)

机构地区：[1]西安建筑科技大学土木工程学院,西安710055 [2]长安大学建筑学院,西安710061

出　　处：《振动与冲击》2017年第11期41-47,共7页Journal of Vibration and Shock

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51678480);陕西省工业攻关项目资助(2014K06-34);陕西省博士后基金(SX2014120057)

摘　　要：系统研究了Ti-Ni形状记忆合金丝应力-应变曲线、特征点应力、耗能能力、等效阻尼比等随材料直径、应变幅值、加载循环次数的变化规律,结果表明:丝材直径的增加会导致SMA丝力学性能趋于劣化;当应变幅值为6%、加载循环次数达15次时,可获得滞回性能良好、工作稳定的SMA丝材。将训练后所得SMA丝材,利用其超弹性特性,结合调谐质量阻尼器基本工作原理,设计制作了一类可便于拆卸的SMA复合悬摆减震系统。针对该类减震系统,完成了相应的性能试验,分析了该系统自振频率、质量振子与受控结构间的相位关系、等效阻尼力随振子质量、摆杆长度的变化规律,结果表明:该减震系统在正弦波和真实地震激励下质量振子与受控体结构之间相位关系始终较好的保持在150°~180°之间;同时,等效阻尼力随外荷载幅值的增大,控制效果更加明显。综上,该系统能够简便应用于结构振动控制之中,并提供稳定、高效的阻尼力,从而保护结构免于强动力灾害。Systematic study is conducted on variation regularity for stress-strain curve, feature points stress, dissipated energy, equivalent damping ratio of shape memory alloy （SMA）wires changed with diameter of wires, strain amplitude and loading cyclic number. The results show： increase of SMA wires diameter can degrade the mechanical properties of SMA wires; SMA wires can have good and stable hysteretic performance when the strain amplitude is 6% and the loading cyclic number is 15. Utilizing the superelasticity of SMA and combining operating principle of the tuned mass damper, a kind of SMA suspension pendulum damping system ,which is easy to disassembly, is designed and fabricated with the trained SMA wires. Corresponding experiments were conducted to analyzed natural frequency of the damping system, phase relations between quality vibrators and a controlled structure, variation regularity of the equivalent damping force changed with quality vibrators and length of swing links. The results show that phase relations between the quality vibrators and a controlled structure can keep steadily at 150°~180° when this damping system subjected to sine wave and real earthquake wave. Meanwhile, the equivalent damping force increases significantly with amplitude of external loads. In conclusion, this damping system can provide stable and efficient damping force and be applied simply to vibration control in structures, thus protect structures from strong dynamic disasters.

关 键 词：超弹性特性 形状记忆合金复合悬摆减震系统 相位关系 等效阻尼力 

分 类 号：TU502.6[建筑科学—建筑技术科学]