水槽近底流速分布与推移质输移特性研究  

Velocity Distribution of the Near Bed Flow in the Sink and the Characteristics of Bed Load Transport

作　　者：赵亚飞[1] 孙东坡[1] 刘明潇[2] 韩力球 陈浩[1] ZHAO Yaiei SUN Dongpo LIU Mingxiao HAN Liqiu CHEN Hao(Co11ege of Water Conservancy,North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power,Zhengzhou 450045,China Institue of Water Resources and Hydro-Electric Engineering,Xi＇an University of Technology,Xi＇an 710048,China)

机构地区：[1]华北水利水电大学水利学院,河南郑州450045 [2]西安理工大学水利水电学院,陕西西安710048

出　　处：《人民黄河》2017年第6期12-15,共4页Yellow River

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(51039004)

摘　　要：通过开展水槽试验,利用ADV测速及高速摄像技术采集了近壁区的流速及紊动特征值,分条带计量了推移质输移情况。通过对比横向密布测点的流速结构差异,剖析了近底流速分布的变化特点与两侧的流速结构变异。基于输沙分条带量化观测模式,对推移质输移的空间横向分布特性进行了分析。结果表明:(1)近底流速的相对脉动强度呈现中间区域最大并向两侧递减的趋势,在临近侧壁处有突变波动现象,这与近底流速的横向分布在侧壁附近的突变特点相互对应;(2)推移质输移在横向分布上不均匀,整体呈从中间向两侧逐渐递减的趋势,80%的区域基本完成了断面的总输沙量,近侧壁区域输沙受边壁影响较明显;(3)近底流速横向分布、近底水流脉动强度与相对输沙强度的横向分布存在响应协同性。Through the flume experiment and using ADV ＆ high-speed video technology,it collected the characteristic values of velocity and turbulence near the wall area and the distribution of bed load was measured by the strip. The variation characteristics of near bottom velocity distribution and the variation of velocity structure at the both sides were analyzed by comparing the difference of the velocity structure of the horizontal dense points. The lateral distribution of bed load transport was analyzed based on quantitative observation model of sediment trans-port zone. The results show that a） the relative fluctuation intensity of near bottom velocity is the largest in the middle and decreasing at the two sides and there is a sudden change in the nearby side wall. This corresponds to the characteristics of the lateral distribution of the near bottom velocity near the side wall; b） bed load transport is not uniform in lateral distribution. The overall trend of gradual decline from the middle to the both sides and 80% of the area basically completed the total sediment transport. The influence of the side wall in the near wall area is obvious; c） there is cooperatives among the transverse distribution of near bottom velocity, fluctuation intensity near the bottom flow and transverse distribution of relative sediment transport intensity.

关 键 词：响应关系 近底流速 脉动强度 输移特性 推移质 

分 类 号：TV142[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学] TB937[一般工业技术—计量学]