中国甜柿遗传改良技术体系研究进展  

Advance of Genetic Improvement Technology for Chinese PCNA Persimmon

作　　者：徐君驰[1,2] 干建平[1] 项俊[1] 张青林[2] 徐莉清[2] 郭大勇[2] 罗正荣[2] 

机构地区：[1]黄冈师范学院大别山特色资源开发湖北省协同创新中心,湖北黄冈438000 [2]华中农业大学园艺植物生物学教育部重点实验室,武汉430070

出　　处：《园艺学报》2017年第5期987-998,共12页Acta Horticulturae Sinica

基　　金：大别山特色资源开发湖北省协同创新中心项目(2015TD01);公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201203047)

摘　　要：在中国中部大别山区分布的中国原产完全甜柿(简称"中国甜柿"或CPCNA)及部分完全雄株是中国特有的柿属(Diospyros Linn.)资源,其与日本原产完全甜柿(简称"日本甜柿"或JPCNA)起源相对独立,且中国甜柿自然脱涩性状受显性单基因控制,因而在完全甜柿遗传改良中具有重大的利用价值。华中农业大学柿研究团队利用这两类种质与日本甜柿构成系列杂交组合,并将常规杂交与胚抢救培养、分子标记辅助自然脱涩性状和性别早期选择、嫩枝高位嫁接、圃地与产区同时评价等技术环节有机整合,建立了一套完全甜柿遗传改良技术体系。本文立足于该技术体系并参考国内外相关报道,对中国甜柿遗传改良工作的研究进展作一系统总结和综合评价,以期为中国的柿品种遗传改良提供科学依据。A series of Chinese pollination constant and non-astringent persimmon （CPCNA） and androecious germplasms （Diospyros Linn. ） located in Dabie Mountains Area of the central China are the unique and rare plant genetic resources. They have great value in the genetic improvement of PCNA, for its origin is completely different from the Japanese pollination constant and non-astringent persimmon （JPCNA）, and CPCNA natural deastringency trait is controlled by a single dominant gene. They were used as parents in PCNA cross breeding with JPCNA by Persimmon Group of Huazhong Agricultural University （HZAU）. For CPCNA rapid genetic improvement, a protocol were established by comprehensively implementing the traditional crossbreeding, embryo rescue, astringency and sexuality identification by marker assist selection （MAS）, young shoot top-grafting, multiply nursery land and producing areas simultaneous evaluation. Based on the protocol and the relevant contributions, the article summarized a systematic update of the modern PCNA genetic improvement technology to provide scientific evidence for the further studies.

关 键 词：柿 完全甜柿 遗传改良 胚抢救 分子标记辅助选择 嫩枝高接 

分 类 号：S665.2[农业科学—果树学]