农村剩余劳动力培训能促进产业转移吗?  

Could Skills Training Projects for Rural-urban Migrants Promote Industrial Transfer?

作　　者：颜银根[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京审计大学政治与经济研究院,江苏南京211815

出　　处：《财经研究》2017年第6期4-16,共13页Journal of Finance and Economics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年项目(71503070);江苏高校哲学社会科学研究重点项目(2014ZDIXM016)

摘　　要：文章综合发展经济学Lewis模型和新经济地理学Krugman模型,构建了农村剩余劳动力跨区转移的空间经济模型,根据2005-2013年中国内地31个省份和2010-2012年河南省109个县两个层面的面板数据,采用面板和双重差分估计方法实证检验了农村剩余劳动力转移培训的产业转移效应。研究表明:(1)当前针对"转移农村劳动力"的培训补贴政策并无"产业转移效应",而存在"城市化效应"。(2)"就地转移劳动力"培训补贴政策同样不存在"产业转移效应",而其"城市化效应"更强;唯有针对"欠发达地区企业"的劳动力培训补贴政策,在区域一体化水平突破"门槛值"时才有"产业转移效应"。文章研究的重要启示是:中西部地区若以促进城市化为目的,选择"就地转移劳动力"补贴更有效;而若以吸引产业转移为目的,则一方面需要针对"欠发达地区企业"的劳动力培训进行补贴,另一方面需要着重提高区域一体化水平。同时,若要实现农村剩余劳动力培训的产业转移效应,则需要改变现有的培训补贴方式,由向政府培训提供补贴转为向企业培训提供补贴。Combining with Lewis model in development economics and Krugman mod- el in new economic geography, this paper constructs a spatial economic model of rural-ur- ban migrant transfer among regions, and employs panel and difference-in-difference esti- mation methods to empirically test industry transfer effect of skills training for rural mi- grants by using the panel data at two levels, namely 31 provinces in China from 2005 to 2013 and 109 counties in Henan province from 2010 to 2012. Firstly, current training sub- sidy policy focusing on rural migrants does not have industry transfer effect, but has the urbanization effect. Secondly, training subsidy policy focusing on locally transferred rural migrants also does not have industry transfer effect, but has the stronger urbanization effect; only skills training subsidy policy for rural migrants focusing on enterprises in un- developed regions has industry transfer effect when regional integration level breaks through the threshold value. This paper has important implications to central and western regions, that is to say to choose subsidies for locally transferred labor force is more effec- tive if the purpose is to promote urbanization, and subsidies for skills training for rural mi- grants focusing on enterprises in undeveloped regions ~the emphasis on the increase in re- gional integration level are needed if the purpose is to attract industry transfer. At the same time, to realize the industry transfer effect of skills training for rural migrants, it needs to change existing ways of training subsidies, from training subsidies provided by governments to subsidies provided by enterprises.

关 键 词：农村剩余劳动力培训 产业跨区转移 培训补贴方式 新经济地理学 

分 类 号：F429.9[经济管理—产业经济]