论日本在中东地区的政府开发援助战略  

Dynamics of Japan's ODA Strategy in the Middle East

作　　者：蒋旭栋 

机构地区：[1]上海外国语大学中东研究所

出　　处：《阿拉伯世界研究》2017年第3期104-117,共14页Arab World Studies

基　　金：上海日本研究交流中心课题"21世纪日本对中东ODA的战略转型研究"的资助

摘　　要：日本在中东地区的政府开发援助是日本维持经济与能源安全的重要手段,大致经历了五个发展阶段,分别是"边缘准备期(1954~1973年)"、"政策充实期(1973~1991年)"、"理念转型期(1991~2001年)"、"战略转型期(2001~2011年)"与"战略转型深化期(2011年至今)"。随着转型的不断深入,日本在中东地区实践政府开发援助的战略目标从追求经济利益最大化向追求政治、经济、安全利益的平衡转型;战略模式从单一的"能源安全战略"向"能源—军事双重安全战略"转型;援助手段从"只出钱、不出力"向"既出钱、又出力"转型。日本对中东的政府开发援助战略转型主要源于日美同盟关系与日本国内政治及利益诉求的变化。值得注意的是,日本对中东的政府开发援助战略转型,有利于日美同盟的发展与巩固,但对日本进一步参与中东事务产生了一定的负面影响。The transition of Japan's ODA( Official Development Assistance) toward the Middle East in the 21 st century could be regarded as a concrete manifestation of Japan's strategies in the Middle East. Firstly,the strategic transition of Japan's ODA towards the Middle East has expanded from the'Energetic Security Strategy'to the 'Energetic & Military Security Strategy'. Its strategic goal has changed from seeking maximum economic benefits to seeking the balance of 'Politics,Economy and Security'. Principles of the methods have transformed from 'with sheer money instead of manpower'to 'with both money and manpower'. Secondly,the change of Japan's ODA policy towards the Middle East best represented the contradiction in the US-Japanese alliance,which resulted from the fact that Japan's security relies on the US in geopolitics while relies on the Middle East in energy,leading to the policy swing of Japan and its ODA policy. Lastly,the strategic transition of Japan's ODA reflects Japanese national transition. The transitional method of Japan's foreign affairs on global level could be clearly observed from the operational transition of Japan's ODA towards the Middle East.

关 键 词：日本中东政策 政府开发援助 战略转型 日美同盟 

分 类 号：D815[政治法律—国际关系]