正方体人工礁单位鱼礁的关键参数研究  

Studies on the Key Parameters of Unit Fish Reef of Artificial Cube Reefs

作　　者：杨超杰[1] 吕洪斌[1] 张沛东[1] 张秀梅[1] 刘鸿雁[1] 

机构地区：[1]海水养殖教育部重点实验室(中国海洋大学),山东青岛266003

出　　处：《中国海洋大学学报（自然科学版）》2017年第6期78-86,共9页Periodical of Ocean University of China

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2015BAD13B05);海洋公益性行业科研专项经费项目(201405010)资助~~

摘　　要：实验室条件下,研究了正方体人工礁7个不同引入数量比例(0~60%)和人工礁摆放布局(每个数量比例设置10个布局)对许氏平鲉(Sebastes schlegelii)聚集率的影响,确定了单位面积正方体人工礁的适宜投放数量和礁体摆放布局,得出单位鱼礁的适宜布设方案。在此基础上,探讨了大泷六线鱼(Hexagrammos otakii)和许氏平鲉的种类、密度和鱼体规格对聚集率的影响。研究显示,单体礁引入数量比例<50%时,数量比例与许氏平鲉聚集率呈显著正相关线性关系,且摆放布局对许氏平鲉的聚集率有显著影响;单体礁引入数量比例为50%时,许氏平鲉的聚集率达到最大值(76%),显著高于0~40%处理组(P<0.05),且当单体礁引入数量比例达到50%和60%时,礁体摆放布局对许氏平鲉聚集率的影响无统计学意义(P>0.05)。在适宜布设方案条件下,种类和密度对试验鱼聚集率的影响均达到显著性水平(P<0.05);鱼体规格对大泷六线鱼的聚集率无显著影响,对许氏平鲉的聚集率影响显著。结果表明,正方体人工礁单位鱼礁的适宜单体礁引入数量比例为50%,在该数量比例时,单体礁摆放布局对恋礁性鱼类的聚集效果无显著影响。To determine the suitable quantity percentage and layout of artificial cube reefs in an unit fish reef （UFR）, the effect of different quantity percentages （0460%） and layouts （10 per quantity percentage） of cube reef individuals on aggregation rate of Sebastes schlegelii were examined under controlled laboratory conditions. An optimum deployment scheme of UFR was established. Based on the result of the optimum deployment, the effect of species, density and size on the aggregation rate of Hexagramrnos otakii and S. schlegelii were discussed. The present results showed that the aggregation rate of S. schlegelii correlated positively with the quantity percentage of cube reefs when the quantity percentage was 〈50%, in which the layout of cube reefs had a significant influence on the aggregation rate. The maximum value of 76% for aggregation rate of S. schlegelii was attained at the 50% treat- ment, which was significantly higher than those attained at the 0-40% treatments （P〈0.05）. Moreover, no marked difference in aggregation rate of S. schlegelii was found between different layouts under the quantity percentages of 50% and 60% （P〉0.05）. With the condition of optimum deployment scheme, the aggregation rate of H. otakii and S. schlegelii was significantly affectedby fish species, density and size except for size in H. otakii. The results in the present study indicated that the suitable quantity percentage of artificial cube reefs is 50% in an UFR and the aggregation efforts was not significantly affected by the layout at the quantity percentage of 50%.

关 键 词：礁体投放数量 礁体布局 单位鱼礁 恋礁性鱼类 人工鱼礁 聚集率 

分 类 号：S953.1[农业科学—水产养殖]