毛壳菌肥对黄瓜生长、产量和品质及氮磷钾吸收的影响  

Effect of Chaetomium Fungal Fertilizer on Growth, Production, Quality of Cucumber and Its Absorption of Nitrogen,Phosphorus and Kalium

作　　者：张素平[1] 田叶韩[1] 王建明 何邦令[1] 李明潭 高克祥[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学植物保护学院/山东省蔬菜病虫生物学重点实验室,山东泰安271018 [2]威海市世代海洋生物科技有限公司,山东荣成264300

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2017年第11期35-42,共8页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：公益性行业(农业)科研专项经费项目“瓜类枯萎病综合治理技术方案”(201503110-12)

摘　　要：为研究球毛壳菌(Chaetomium globosum)ND35菌肥对黄瓜生长、产量和品质及氮磷钾吸收的影响,促进毛壳菌肥的科学应用,以‘津春4号’黄瓜为试材,采用随机区组法进行了温室和大田菌肥用量筛选及菌肥与海藻肥复混施用栽培试验。试验结果表明:适宜黄瓜生长的球毛壳菌ND35菌肥用量为0.1~0.5 g/株(孢子含量为3×10~8cfu/g),过量使用不利于黄瓜生长;适量施用ND35菌肥对黄瓜的根系活力、株高、茎粗、叶面积、干重、壮苗指数均有促进作用。ND35菌肥和ND35菌肥与海藻肥复混处理的黄瓜光合作用效率和水分利用率明显提高,总产量分别比对照增产21.85%和23.90%;菌肥与海藻肥复混处理对改善黄瓜品质效果明显,其中ND35菌肥与海藻肥复混处理黄瓜的可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白和维生素C含量分别比对照增加7.90%、172.97%和310.21%,其硝酸盐含量比对照降低15.57%。菌肥与海藻肥复混处理能促进黄瓜对土壤中N、P、K的吸收利用,特别是对速效钾吸收效果明显。单独施用菌肥处理的植株中N、P、K含量高于其他处理,与海藻肥复混却降低植株中磷和钾的含量。试验结果可为球毛壳菌ND35菌肥在黄瓜优质高产栽培生产中应用提供理论依据。To investigate the effect of Chaetomium globosum ND35 fungal fertilizer on growth, production, quality of cucumber and its absorption of nitrogen, phosphorus, kalium and promote the scientific application of Chaetomium fungal fertilizer, the cucumber ＇Jinchun No.4＇ was used as test material, the experiments of fungal fertilizer application amount and mixing application with seaweed fertilizer on cucumber were conducted by randomized block arrangement in greenhouse and in the field. The results showed that the suitable application amount of C. globosum ND35 fungal fertilizer was 0.1-0.5 g/plant （with spore concentration of 3×10^8 cfu/g）, overcommit was detrimental to cucumber growth; root activity, plant height, stem diameter, leaf area, dry weight, index of seedling quality of cucumber were promoted by the application of suitable amount ND35 fungal fertilizer. The photosynthesis efficacy and water use efficiency of cucumber was significantly increased in the treatments of ND35 fungal fertilizer and mixed fungal fertilizer with seaweed fertilizer, total yield of cucumber increased by 21.85% and 23.90% in comparing with that of CK; the quality of cucumber was obviously improved by mixed fertilizer, compared with CK, the content of soluble sugar, soluble protein, vitamin C increased by 7.90%, 172.97% and 310.21%, nitrate content decreased by 15.57% in comparing with that of CK. The mixed fungal fertilizer with seaweed fertilizer could promote the absorption of N, P, K in the soil, specially the absorption of available potassium. The N, P, K content in cucumber plant treated with single fungal fertilizer was higher than that of other treatments, content of P and K in cucumber plant decreased in treatment of mixed fungal fertilizer with seaweed fertilizer. The experiment result could provide theoretic evidence for the application of Chaetomium fungal fertilizer in good quality and high yield cultivation of cucumber.

关 键 词：球毛壳菌ND35菌肥 海藻肥 黄瓜 生长指标 产量 品质 

分 类 号：S642.2[农业科学—蔬菜学]