秸秆还田对土壤养分及土壤微生物数量的影响  

Effect of Straw Turnover on Soil Nutrients and Soil Microbial Population

作　　者：董亮[1,2] 田慎重[1,3] 王学君[1,3] 孙泽强[1,3] 郑东峰[1,3] 刘盛林[1] 董晓霞[1,3] 郭洪海[1,2] 罗加法 

机构地区：[1]山东省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所,济南250100 [2]农业部黄淮海平原农业环境重点实验室,济南250100 [3]农业部山东省耕地保育科学观测实验站,济南250100

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2017年第11期77-80,共4页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：山东省农业科学院青年科研基金"秸秆还田提升土壤肥力的生化响应研究"(2014QNM51);山东省农业科学院重大科技成果培育计划"黄淮海平原区农田秸秆资源综合利用技术集成研究与示范"(2015CGPY05);国家科技支撑计划课题"黄淮海平原区秸秆资源循环利用技术集成与示范"(2012BAD14B07);济南市成果转化及专利实施项目"环境友好型抗逆肥的产业化生产与应用"(201401311);海外泰山学者建设工程专项经费

摘　　要：为探明秸秆还田后土壤养分及土壤微生物数量的变化情况,通过田间试验,研究了秸秆还田对小麦-玉米轮作体系中土壤养分及土壤微生物数量的影响。结果表明:秸秆还田可以增加土壤有机质含量,提高土壤养分库容,增加土壤中细菌、真菌及放线菌数量。50%秸秆还田、100%秸秆还田、150%秸秆还田条件下,土壤有机质增幅为0.02~0.04个百分点,土壤碱解氮、有效磷、速效钾分别增加6.64~9.00、3.37~4.07、10.33~19.00 mg/kg。不同秸秆还田量增加土壤微生物丰富度,细菌、真菌、放线菌增幅分别为2.2×10~8个/g^3.1×10~8个/g、0.5×10~6个/g^3.5×10~6个/g、1.3×10~7个/g^1.9×10~7个/g。但过量秸秆还田不利于农田生产力。In order to study the effect of straw turnover on soil nutrients and soil microbial population, the authors investigated soil nutrients and microbial population after straw turnover in wheat-maize rotation by field experiment. The results showed that straw turnover could increase soil organic matter, storage capacity of soil nutrient, bacteria, fungus and actinomycetes population in soil. Soil organic matter was increased by 0.02- 0.04 percent point under the conditions of 50%, 100% and 150% straw turnover, available nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium was increased by 6.64-9.00, 3.37-4.07 and 10.33-19.00 mg/kg, respectively. Different straw turnover amounts increased soil microbial richness, the increasing range of bacteria, fungus and ae tinomycete s was 2.2×10^8/g- 3.1×10^8/g, 0.5 ×10^6/g- 3.5×10^6/g and 1.3×10^7/g- 1.9 ×10^7/g, respectively. But excessive straw turnover amount was not benefit to farmland productivity.

关 键 词：秸秆还田 小麦-玉米轮作 土壤养分库容量 土壤微生物 

分 类 号：S158.2[农业科学—土壤学] S154.3[农业科学—农业基础科学]