解淀粉芽孢杆菌GB58对水稻纹枯病的防效及菌剂载体筛选  

Control Effect of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens GB58 on Rice Sheath Blight and Screening of Microbial Agent Carrier

作　　者：卢钰升[1] 顾文杰[1] 蒋瑞萍[1] 徐培智[1] 解开治[1] 孙丽丽[1] 

机构地区：[1]广东省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所/农业部南方植物营养与肥料重点实验室/广东省养分资源循环利用与耕地保育重点实验室,广州510642

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2017年第11期119-125,共7页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：云浮市科技计划项目“功能性(抗病、促生)生物有机肥的研发与应用”(201402-2);广东省科技计划项目“河源龙川县山区冷浸田土壤改良与水稻产量提升技术研究及示范推广”(2015A020224010);广东省科技计划项目“基于菜园退化土壤的功能性微生物接种剂研发与应用”(2013B020310001);广东省科技计划项目“多元生物有机肥料制备关键技术研究及产业化示范”(2015B020237007);广东省科技计划项目“广东省新型肥料与高效施肥工程技术研究中心建设”(2014B090904068);广东省科技计划项目“广东省新型肥料科技创新与服务平台建设”;广东省农科院院长基金项目(201715)

摘　　要：旨在对解淀粉芽孢杆菌GB58在水稻纹枯病上的盆栽防治效果和最佳菌剂载体进行研究,明确其应用前景。采用盆栽试验测定GB58对水稻纹枯病的病斑高率和在水稻上的定殖能力,测定GB58在菌剂固定载体的吸附能力和吸附稳定性。盆栽试验结果表明,GB58在水稻病株上有良好的定殖效果,定殖数最大达到2.22×10~7cfu/g。与喷施井冈霉素处理相比,GB58对水稻纹枯病的防效在病害发生后20、40天分别显著提高了20%、24%。GB58在固体菌剂吸附载体的研究表明:结合菌体吸附量、存活率和抑菌活性进行分析,有机载体吸附效果好于无机载体;同时综合考虑应用价值,选择玉米粉、有机肥为菌剂吸附载体较好。GB58对水稻纹枯病具有较好的生防效果。采用玉米粉和有机肥作为固体菌剂吸附载体,具有经济、高效的特点,有较大的应用价值与开发潜力。This study aims at researching the control effect of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens GB58 on the pot culture of rice sheath blight, screening the optimal microbial agent carrier, and then determining the application prospect. The pot experiment method was adopted to determine the relative lesion height （RLH） of rice sheath blight, colonization ability of rice. The adsorption capacity and stability of GB58 on microbial agent carrier was determined. The pot experiment result showed that GB58 had an optimistic colonization effect at 2.22×10^7 cfu/g of the maximum on the diseased plants. Compared with validamycin treatment, the biocontrol effect of GB58 was raised significantly by 20% and 24% respectively in 20 d and 40 d after inoculating the pathogen. The test on solid microbial agent carrier of GB58 suggested that, taking cell absorption amount,survival rate and antimicrobial activity into consideration, the absorption effect of the organic carrier was better than that of the inorganic. While economic factors were considered comprehensively, the choice of corn meal and organic fertilizer would be ideal. In conclusion, GB58 had a biocontrol advantage over rice sheath blight disease, while corn meal and organic fertilizer, effective and economical as the microbial agent carrier, had wide application value and great potential.

关 键 词：生防细菌 水稻纹枯病 防效 菌剂吸附载体 

分 类 号：S182[农业科学—农业基础科学] S432.4