小麦赤霉病拮抗菌株筛选及其抑制作用研究  

Screening of antagonistic strain against Fusarium head blight and its inhibition efficiency

作　　者：陈亮[1] 李瑞静[1] 秦素雅 黄亮[1] 魏龙超[1] 卞科[1] 

机构地区：[1]河南工业大学生物工程学院,河南郑州450001

出　　处：《中国植保导刊》2017年第5期12-17,共6页China Plant Protection

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(U1304332;31401543);国家现代农业(小麦)产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-03-01A);河南省重点科技攻关项目(162102210043);河南省高等学校青年骨干教师资助计划项目(2012GGJS-086);河南工业大学科技创新人才培育计划项目(2013CXRC07)

摘　　要：从高寒草甸野牦牛牛粪中分离得到细菌菌株27株。采用平板对峙法筛选小麦赤霉病高效拮抗菌株,研究其对病原菌禾谷镰刀菌(Fusarium gramminearum)的抑制作用。结果表明,筛选得到的8株小麦赤霉病拮抗中,以菌株LM3403拮抗能力最佳,抑菌带宽(13.2±0.8)mm。通过形态观察、生理生化特征分析、16S r DNA序列分析和gyr B基因序列分析,将其鉴定为解淀粉芽孢杆菌(Bacillus amyloliquefaciens)。研究发现,菌株LM3403可明显抑制禾谷镰刀菌菌丝体生长和分生孢子萌发,使病菌的菌丝体畸形、细胞膜损伤。该菌株还具有合成surfactin、iturin、fengycin 3种抗菌脂肽的能力。The research aimed to obtain effective antagonistic strain towards Fusarium head blight （FHB） as well as its inhibition effect against Fusarium gramminearum （FG）. 27 bacterial isolates were isolated from wild yak dung inhabited in alpine steppe of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau by dilution method, and 8 antagonistic strains against FHB were obtained by antagonistic cultivation. Strain LM3403 was found to have the largest zone of inhibition （13.2±0.8） against FG, which was identified as Bacillus amyloliquefaciens by morphologic observation, biochemical characteristic analysis and sequence analysis of 16S rDNA and gyrB gene. Strain LM3403 could strongly inhibit the hyphal growth and the conidiospore germination of FG,possibly through the processes such as deformation of mycelia, membrane damage of mycelial and conidiospore. Furthermore, strain LM3403 contained three antimicrobial, peptide synthetase genes including Surfactin, Iturin and Fengycin. Therefore, strain LM3403 had great potential to be a bio-control agent against FHB.

关 键 词：芽孢杆菌 小麦赤霉病 禾谷镰刀菌 鉴定 抑制作用 

分 类 号：S476[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]