广东省发现长指鼠耳蝠及其回声定位声波特征  

Discovery of Kashmir Cave Myotis Myotis longipes in Guangdong Province(China) and Its Echolocation Calls

作　　者：张琴[1,2] 刘奇 杨昌腾 刘会 彭真 梁捷 彭兴文 何向阳 马少伟 向左甫[1] 张礼标 

机构地区：[1]中南林业科技大学生命科学与技术学院,长沙410004 [2]广东省生物资源应用研究所、广东省动物保护与资源利用重点实验室、广东省野生动物保护与利用公共实验室,广州510260 [3]广东南岭国家级自然保护区管理局,乳源512726

出　　处：《动物学杂志》2017年第3期521-529,共9页Chinese Journal of Zoology

基　　金：广东南岭国家级自然保护区补助资金--动物本底调查项目(No.RYCG12-14);广东省科技计划项目(No.2013B050800024,2015A020209093);广东省科学院平台环境与能力建设专项(No.2016GDASPT-0215)

摘　　要：2013年7月在广东南岭国家级自然保护区阳山县境内(24°48′39.5′′N,112°51′01.3′′E,海拔155 m)捕捉到4只雄性蝙蝠,体型小,前臂长34.1~34.7 mm,颅全长14.3~14.7 mm;体毛浓密,背毛毛基黑色,毛尖灰色,腹毛黑或棕色,毛尖奶油白,靠近肛门处腹毛浅灰色,些许白色;翼膜附着于跖部末端;后足特别延展,长度超过胫骨长之半;鉴定为长指鼠耳蝠[Myotis longipes(Dobson1873)]。同时,基于Cyt b基因序列(1 140 bp)构建的部分鼠耳蝠物种系统进化关系,进一步确认上述标本为长指鼠耳蝠,为广东省翼手目新纪录。该种蝙蝠在我国贵州、广西、重庆有分布记载,但标本和相关资料很少。本文给出了长指鼠耳蝠的外形和头骨特征测量数据,并与印度的标本进行了对比。长指鼠耳蝠的回声定位声波为调频型(FM),主频率为68.2 k Hz;此外,对其分类地位和分布状况进行了讨论。标本保存于广东省生物资源应用研究所。Four male bats were found in Yangshan County（24°48′39.5′′N, 112°51′01.3′′E, altitude 155 m）, Nanling National Nature Reserve, Guangdong Province in July, 2013. The bats are small in size with 34.1﹣34.7 mm in forearm length（Table 1）. Their pelage is dense, dorsal hairs dark brown at the base and greyish brown on the tips; ventral hairs is creamy white on the tips and black brown at the base（Fig. 1）. Each wing is attached to the distal end of the outer metatarsal of its respective foot. The feet are greatly enlarged, exceeding half of the length of the tibiae. The total length of skull is 14.3﹣14.7 mm, and condylocanine length（CCL 11.4﹣11.8 mm, C-M3 5.5﹣5.8 mm（Fig. 2）. The four specimens were identified as Kashmir Cave Myotis, Myotis longipes, which was found first time in Guangdong Province. These bats were further confirmed as M. longipes by phylogenetic relationships inferred from their Cyt b sequences（1 140 bp）（Fig. 3）. Although this species had been found in Guizhou, Guangxi and Chongqing, China, but only few specimens were kept in collection and few information available. We recorded the morphological structure, skull feature and compared these measurements with bat specimens from India（Table 1）. The echolocation calls of these bats were frequency modulated（FM） with main frequency 68.2 k Hz（Fig. 4）. We also discussed the taxonomy and distribution of this bat species in China. The specimens were kept in Guangdong Institute of Applied Biological Resources.

关 键 词：长指鼠耳蝠 翼手目(蝙蝠) 广东省 新纪录 

分 类 号：Q959[生物学—动物学]