坪床结构对结缕草根部入侵真菌的影响  

Effects of Rootzone Composition on Root-invading Fungi From Zoysiagrass

作　　者：刘天增[1,2] 李佳岭[1,2] 张巨明[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学林学与风景园林学院,广东广州510642 [2]华南农业大学草业工程研究中心,广东广州510642

出　　处：《北方园艺》2017年第11期66-70,共5页Northern Horticulture

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(31502011);广东省科技计划资助项目(2012B020302002)

摘　　要：以‘兰引Ⅲ号’结缕草(Zoysia japonica cv.‘Lanyin No.Ⅲ’)为试材,研究了在5种不同坪床结构(P:85%砂+15%泥炭;Z:85%砂+15%沸石;M:85%砂+7.5%泥炭+7.5%沸石;T5:100%砂+保水剂,保水剂铺设在表层下5cm处,T10:100%砂+保水剂,保水剂铺设在表层下10cm处)下,‘兰引Ⅲ号’结缕草根部入侵真菌的带菌率,并且利用形态学及分子学方法鉴定根部入侵真菌种类。结果表明:Z和M坪床结构处理的结缕草根段带菌率显著高于T10、T5、P处理(P<0.05)。从结缕草的根段中共分离培养得到入侵真菌12属14种,其中M坪床根段共带菌9属11种,P坪床根段共带菌7属8种,Z坪床根段共带菌8属9种,T10坪床根段共带菌7属8种,T5坪床根段共带菌6属7种。丝核菌(Rhizoctoniasp.)和尖孢镰刀菌(Fusarium oxysporum)的分离率较高,在5种坪床结构处理中均能分离得到,而且是能引起草坪病害的潜在病原真菌。沸石会明显增加‘兰引Ⅲ号’结缕草根部的带菌率,在以后草坪建植时需考虑减少对沸石的使用。Zoysia japonica cv. ‘Lanyin No. Ⅲ ’was used as material, five different rootzone compositions were designed,namely P,85% sand＋15% peat;Z,85% sand＋15% zeolite;M,85% sand＋7. 5% zeolite＋7. 5% peat; T5 ,absorbent polymers component laid at a depth of 5 cm;T10,absorbent polymers component laid at a depth of 5 cm respectively to study effects of rootzone composition on root-invading fungi incidence. Morphological and molecular methods were used to identify the fungal isolates. The results showed that 14 fungal species were isolated and identified from the root. Rhizoctonia sp. and Fusarium oxysporum were the most common fungal species in all rootzone composition,and were the potential pathogenic fungi that might cause turf diseases. Rootinvading fungi and their incidence showed a significant difference under rootzones. The lower incidence of fungi were found in T5 and T10, and the higher incidence of fungi were found in M and Z. The rootzone mixed with zeolite significantly increase root-invading fungi incidence and species of Zoysiagrass. The above founding could suggest that it was necessary to consider reducing the use of zeolite in turf establishment.

关 键 词：结缕草 入侵真菌 带菌率 病害 

分 类 号：S688.4[农业科学—观赏园艺]