玛纳斯河流域绿洲农田防护林景观格局评价  

Evaluating the landscape pattern of the farmland windbreaks in the Manas River Basin oasis

作　　者：杨书雅 杨会巾 刘丽娟[1] 李小玉[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所,乌鲁木齐830011

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2017年第6期1690-1698,共9页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31470708;41271202;41501205和U1503182);国家重大科学研究计划项目(2014CB954204-3)资助

摘　　要：防护林网作为农田景观的重要廊道系统,对生物多样性以及景观连通性等具有至关重要的作用。本研究以新疆玛纳斯河流域为研究区,基于高分辨率遥感影像,计算现实状态与合理状态下农田防护林网景观指标的相对误差,对玛纳斯河流域绿洲农田防护林网景观格局进行评价。结果显示:玛纳斯县、沙湾县和团场的防护林网带斑比的相对误差分别为0.7240、0.7374和0.7579,连续度的相对误差分别为0.5307、0.5629和0.6863,环度值的相对误差分别为0.6577、0.6380和0.4945。各景观指标的相对误差均大于0.15,说明玛纳斯河流域绿洲农田防护林网尚且达不到优质标准,存在林带面积不足、林网分布不均匀、闭合网格较少,成型状况较差等问题。建议在防护林的建设和管理中,加强缺失林带的补齐工作,并增加林带密度,通过科学合理的防护林网空间配置实现绿洲农田的可持续发展。In the farmland landscape, the windbreak network, as an important corridor system, plays a crucial role in conserving landscape connectivity and biodiversity. In this study, high reso- lution remote sensing images were employed to calculate the relative errors of the landscape met- rics of farmland windbreaks in the existing situation and the ideal situation, and evaluate the landscape pattern of the farmland windbreaks in the Manas River Basin oasis. The result shows that, for the farmland windbreaks in Manas County, Shawan County, and the Regimental Farm, the relative errors of their landscape metrics were 0.7240, 0.7374 and 0.7579 for the ratio of belt to patch, 0.5307, 0.5629 and 0.6863 for the connectivity, and 0.6577, 0.6380 and 0.4945 for the ring degree, respectively. The relative error of each landscape metric was greater than 0.15, which indicates the farmland windbreaks in the Manas River Basin oasis cannot meet the good quality standard. The prominent problems include the limited windbreak area, uneven windbreak distribution, small number of closed grids, and poor stand-forming conditions. In order to achieve the sustainability of the farmlands, the missing windbreaks need to be supplemented and the den- sity of windbreaks should also be increased.

关 键 词：农田防护林 景观格局 景观指标 绿洲 

分 类 号：S727.24[农业科学—林木遗传育种]