机器人挤奶对荷斯坦牛产奶量及乳成分的影响  

Robotic Milking and Its Effect on Milk Yield and Milk Composition of Holstein Dairy Cows

作　　者：刘辉[1,2] 丛慧敏[1] 乔绿[1] 吕中旺[2] 麻柱[1] 沙里金[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京奶牛中心,北京100192 [2]中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所,北京100193

出　　处：《中国奶牛》2017年第5期57-61,共5页China Dairy Cattle

基　　金：国家863计划课题(奶牛重要经济性状的功能基因组学研究)(2013AA102504);现代奶牛产业技术体系北京市创新团队岗位专家课题

摘　　要：本试验旨在研究和传统奶厅挤奶相比,机器人挤奶系统对奶牛产奶量及乳成分的影响。选取64头体重相近、处于泌乳盛期、日均产奶量相近的健康荷斯坦牛分为2组,即传统奶厅挤奶组(CMS)和机器人挤奶组(AMS),每组32头(初产牛和经产牛各16头)。预试期10d,正试期60d。结果表明:机器人挤奶对奶牛的产奶量有显著的影响(P<0.05),总体产奶量提高了2.08%;AMS组经产牛产奶量显著高于CMS组经产牛(37.4±8.3kg/d vs.35.4±4.5 kg/d,P<0.05),初产牛间差异不显著(P>0.05)。机器人挤奶系统对乳脂率、乳蛋白率、非脂乳固形物和体细胞数均无显著影响(P>0.05);AMS组经产牛的乳脂率(4.54±0.64%vs.4.05±0.71%)和乳蛋白率(3.42±0.19%vs.3.21±0.23%)显著高于CMS组经产牛,初产牛间差异不显著(P>0.05)。由此可见,本试验条件下,采用机器人挤奶可以提高经产牛日均产奶量、乳脂率和乳蛋白率,改善乳品质,但对初产牛无显著影响。A comparative study was performed to evaluate differences in milk yield and milk composition between a robotic milking system and a conventional milking parlor system. Sixty-four healthy Holstein cows, with similar weight and mean milk production in peak lactation, were randomly allotted to two groups, which were conventional milking parlor group （CMS） and robotic milking group （AMS）, and every group had 32 cows （ 16 primiparous and 16 multiparous）. The pretest lasted for 10 days and the test lasted for 60 days. The results showed as follows： 1） robotic milking had significant effects on milk yield（P〈0.05） with an increase of milk yield up to 2.08%. Multiparous cows in the AMS group had a substantially higher milk yield than multiparous cows in the CMS group （37.4±8.3kg/d vs. 35.4±4.5kg/d）. But there were no differences in the milk yield between first-lactating cows （P〉0.05）. 2） Robotic milking had no significant effects on milk fat percentage, milk protein percentage, non-fat milk solids, as well as somatic cell count（P〉0.05）. Multiparous cows in the AMS group had a substantially higher milk fat percentage （4.54±0.64% vs. 4.05±0.71%） and milk protein percentage （3.42±0.19% vs. 3.21±0.23%） than multiparous cows in the CMS group. But there were no differences in the milk fat percentage and milk protein percentage between first- lactating cows（P〉0.05）. The results indicated that a positive AMS effect on milk yield, milk fat percentage and milk protein percentage of multiparous cows, but not of first-lactating cows, would be of possible.

关 键 词：机器人挤奶系统 产奶量 乳成分 初产牛 经产牛 

分 类 号：TS252.21[轻工技术与工程—农产品加工及贮藏工程]