2014年7月小兴凯湖浮游植物群落结构及其影响因素  

Structure of Phytoplankton Community in Xiaoxingkai Lake in July 2014 and Its Influence Factors

作　　者：袁宇翔[1,2] 田雪[3] 姜明[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院湿地生态与环境重点实验室中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所,吉林长春130102 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]吉林农业大学,吉林长春130118

出　　处：《湿地科学》2017年第2期221-228,共8页Wetland Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41271106);科技部国家科技基础性工作专项项目(2013FY111800);中国博士后科学基金项目(2015LH0010)资助

摘　　要：于2014年7月,在小兴凯湖布设12个采样点,采集浮游植物样品和水样,研究浮游植物群落结构及分布,测定的湖水理化指标;采用典范对应分析方法,揭示影响小兴凯湖浮游植物群落结构及分布的主要水环境因素。研究结果表明,2014年7月在小兴凯湖中共记录浮游植物6门30属36种;主要为绿藻门,其占全部种类的47.2%;主要优势种为坚实微囊藻(Anabaena firma)、细小平裂藻(Merismopedia minima)、梅尼小环藻(Cyclotella meneghiniana)和杆裂丝藻(Stichococcus bacillaris);浮游植物丰度为7.56×10~5~1.03×10~7ind./L,平均丰度为(3.27±0.95)×106ind./L;12个采样点可以被划分为3组,其对应的3个区域的浮游植物群落结构存在明显的空间差异;小兴凯湖水体中平均总磷和总氮质量浓度分别为0.11 mg/L和0.76 mg/L,达到国家Ⅲ类水域标准,连接北部湖区的灌渠是小兴凯湖水体外源营养盐输入的主要来源,北部湖区水体中的营养盐(总磷和总氮)含量显著高于南部湖区(p<0.01);影响小兴凯湖浮游植物群落结构的主要环境因素是水体p H、总氮含量、水深和透明度。The water in Xiaoxingkai Lake was polluted seriously in recent years, and blue-green algae blooms in the lake occurred occasionally in summer. In order to research the relationship between phytoplankton community and environmental variables in Xiaoxingkai Lake, the structure of phytoplankton community and water physicochemical variables were investigated in 12 sampling sites in July 2014. The canonical correspondence analysis（CCA） method was used to reveal the main environmental factors influencing the growth and distribution of phytoplankton. The results showed that 36 species of phytoplankton, belonging to 6 phyla of phytoplankton, were detected in Xiaoxingkai Lake. The most species belonging to Chlorophyta accounted for47.2% of all species during the sampling period. The dominant species were Anabaena azotica, Merismopedia minima, Cyclotella meneghiniana and Stichococcus bacillaris. The abundance of phytoplankton ranged from7.56×10~5ind./L to 1.03×10~7ind./L, and the average abundance was（3.27±0.95）×106ind./L. The 12 sampling sites could be divided into three regions using detrended correspondence analysis（DCA） method. There was obvious spatial difference in phytoplankton communities among the three regions due to the impact of environmental variables. The average concentrations of total phosphorus and total nitrogen were 0.11 mg/L and0.76 mg/L, respectively, which accorded with the national water quality standard. The nutrients concentration（concentrations of total phosphorus and total nitrogen） in the irrigation canals in the northern region, where the main exogenous nutrients input, were higher than that in the southern region in Xiaoxingkai Lake（p〈0.01）. The results of canonical correspondence analysis indicated that the main environmental factors affecting the phytoplankton abundance were p H, total nitrogen content, water depth and transparency in Xiaoxingkai Lake.

关 键 词：浮游植物 小兴凯湖 水环境因素 典范对应分析 

分 类 号：Q17[生物学—水生生物学]