广州市孕晚期孕妇产前抑郁及相关因素的调查  

Prenatal depression of late pregnancy women in Guangzhou and the associated factors

作　　者：黄美凌[1] 李菲[3] 邓美莲[2] 曾迎春[2] 罗太珍[2] 

机构地区：[1]广州医科大学附属第三医院护理部,510150 [2]广州医科大学附属第三医院妇产科,510150 [3]广东药科大学护理学院,广州510310

出　　处：《国际医药卫生导报》2017年第11期1695-1698,1707,共5页International Medicine and Health Guidance News

基　　金：广州市荔湾区科信局科技计划项目（20151217095）

摘　　要：目的调查广州市孕晚期孕妇抑郁心理状态及其相关影响因素，为产前抑郁的早期筛查及临床干预提供理论支持。方法应用爱丁堡产后抑郁量表、知觉压力量表、父母效能感量表、社会支持量表对广州医科大学附属第三医院孕晚期（孕28周至分娩前）孕妇进行调查，采用描述性统计、x2检验、相关分析等方法分析探讨其发生情况及相关影响因素。结果538例孕妇中，产前抑郁总发生率为16．5％（89／538）。文化程度低（P=0．020）、平均月收入低下（P=0．004），近一年发生对精神有影响的生活事件（P〈0．001）、中等的社会支持（P〈0．001）是影响产前抑郁发生的主要因素，孕妇产前抑郁与知觉压力正相关（r=0．617），与父母效能感（r=-0．469）及各维度、社会支持（r=-0．244）及各维度呈负相关。结论本研究发现孕妇产前抑郁发生相关影响因素较多，医护人员在评估孕妇产前抑郁心理状态时，应注意综合评估其一般资料、压力、父母效能感及社会支持等状况，开展连续性、个性化的干预措施以降低产前抑郁及预防产后抑郁的发生。Objective To explore the incidence of prenatal depression of late pregnancy womenas in Guangzhou and the associated factors and to provide theoretical support for early screening and clinical intervention. Methods Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale, Perceived Stress Scale, Parenting Sense of Competence Scale, and Social Support Rating Scale were used to investigate the late pregnancy （28 gestational weeks-before birth） women from Third Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University. Descriptive statistical analysis, chi-square test, and correlation analysis were used to explore the incidence and associated factors. Results The incidence of prenatal depression was 16.5% （ 89/538 ） . Low education level （ P=0.020 ） , low average monthly income （ P=0.004 ） , occurrence of life events influencing spirit one year recently （ P 〈 0.001 ） , and middle social support （P 〈 0.001 ） were the main factors influencing prenatal depression. Prenatal depression positively correlated with perceived stress （ r=0.617 ） and negatively with parental efficacy （r=-0.469） and its dimensions and social support（r=-0.244） and its dimensions. Conclusions There are many factors affecting prenatal depression. While evaluating the prenatal depression of late pregnancy women, medical staff should comprehensively assess their general information, perceived stress, parental efficacy, social support, etc. Carrying out continuous and individualized interventions can reduce the incidences of prenatal depression and postpartum depression.

关 键 词：孕晚期 产前抑郁 知觉压力 父母效能感 社会支持 

分 类 号：R715.3[医药卫生—妇产科学]