气候变化对科尔沁沙地木本植物物候期的影响  

Effects of Climate Change on Phenophase of Woody Plants in the Horqin Sandy Land

作　　者：杨丽萍[1] 代海燕[1] 陈素华[1] 秦艳[2] 吕迪波[1] 郭晓丽 

机构地区：[1]内蒙古生态与农业气象中心,内蒙古呼和浩特010051 [2]中国农业科学院草原研究所,内蒙古呼和浩特010010 [3]乌兰察布市气象局,内蒙古集宁012000

出　　处：《干旱区研究》2017年第3期518-523,共6页Arid Zone Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31200540);内蒙古自然科学基金(2014MS0352);国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)(2014CB1388011);中国农业科学院创新工程(CAAS-ASTIP-IGR2015-04);国家"十二五"科技支撑计划(2012BAD13B07);国家牧草产业技术体系项目(CARS-35-29);内蒙古自治区自然科学基金(2017MS0377)资助

摘　　要：物候现象是气候变化的敏感指示器,基于物候资料分析气候变化对科尔沁沙地木本植物物候的影响,对于林业生产实践具有重要的指导意义。利用开鲁农牧业气象观测站1983—2012年小叶杨和榆树物候观测资料及同期气候数据,采用线性倾向估计、Pearson相关系数等方法,分析气候变化对科尔沁沙地小叶杨和榆树物候期的影响。结果表明:(1)1983—2012年,研究区增温明显,气候倾向率0.501℃·(10a)-1;日照时数平均每10 a增加109.65 d。(2)近30多年来,科尔沁沙地小叶杨和榆树花芽开放期"先提前后推迟"特点明显,落叶末期相对稳定。生长季呈相对缩短趋势,平均生长季长度分别为198 d和209 d。(3)气温是影响小叶杨和榆树花芽开放期的关键气象因子;落叶末期对日照时数较为敏感。Phenological phenomenon is a sensitive indicator of climate change. Based on the phenological data,it has an important directive significance for forestry production practice to analyze the effects of climate change on the phenophase of woody plants in the Horqin Sandy Land. According to the phenology observation and climatic data related to the phenophase of Populus simonii Carr. and Ulmus pumila L. at the meteorological stations of agriculture and animal husbandry in Kailu, Inner Mongolia during the period of 1983 -2012, in this paper the effects of climate change on the phenophase of P. simonii Carr. and U. pumila L. in the Horqin Sandy Land were analyzed using the linear tendency estimation and Pearson correlation coefficient. The results are as follows： （1） The temperature was increased significantly, climate tendency rate was 0.501 ℃·（10a）-1, and the sunshine duration was increased by 109.65 d every 10 years; （2） In recent 30 years,the bud opening stage of P, simonii Cart. and U. pumila L. became early at first and then late. The late defoliating stage was relatively stable, the growing season was relatively short- ened,and the average growing seasons of the two species were 198 d and 209 d respectively; （3） Temperature was the key meteorological factor affecting the bud opening stage of P. simonii Cart. and U. pumila L. , and the late defo- hating stage was sensitive to the sunshine duration.

关 键 词：小叶杨(Populus simonii Carr.) 榆树(Ulmus pumila L.) 物候期 气候变化 科尔沁沙地 

分 类 号：Q948.112[生物学—植物学]