玉米粗缩病的分子研究新进展  

Molecular Study on Maize Rough Dwarf Disease: A Review

作　　者：李荣改[1] 陆艳梅[1] 王月影[2] 王宝强[1] 宋炜[1] 张文英[1] 

机构地区：[1]河北省农林科学院粮油作物研究所,河北省作物遗传育种实验室,石家庄050035 [2]河北农业大学生命科学学院,保定071001

出　　处：《植物学报》2017年第3期375-387,共13页Chinese Bulletin of Botany

基　　金：河北省重点研发计划(No.16226323D);河北省农林科学院博士基金(No.BS201504)

摘　　要：粗缩病是一种世界性玉米(Zea mays)病害,造成玉米产量降低和品质下降。已有的研究表明,导致玉米粗缩病的病毒有4种,均属于植物呼肠孤病毒科、斐济病毒属(Fijivirus)第2组的成员,它们的全基因组均由10条双链RNA片段组成,编码13个蛋白分子;迄今未发现对粗缩病完全免疫的研究材料,但已筛选出少量在不同环境下均表现高抗的种质。玉米抗粗缩病为多基因控制的数量性状,每条染色体上均有可能存在与粗缩病抗性有关的基因座(QTLs)。粗缩病毒侵染玉米后,引起细胞防御系统中相关基因表达、蛋白质合成和激素含量等生物途径发生变化。该文对玉米粗缩病病原分子特征和遗传变异、抗性种质遗传基础及致(抗)病机理等方面的研究成果进行了阐述,旨在为玉米抗粗缩病分子育种提供理论依据。Maize rough dwarf disease （MRDD） is a worldwide viral disease that causes significant economic losses. Previous studies showed that 4 virus species within the genus Fijivirus, family Reoviruses cause maize rough dwarf disease： maize rough dwarf virus, Mal de Rio Cuarto virus, rice black-streaked dwarf virus and southern rice black streaked dwarf virus. They are classified as FUivirus group 2, sharing similar biological and genomic characteristics. And all of them contain 10 linear genomic segments of double-stranded RNA （dsRNA） that encode 13 proteins. The whole-genome se- quences of the 4 viruses have been published and the functional genes were predicted. The functions of genes were preliminary studied. The completely immune germplasm has not been found; however, a small number of highly resistant germplasm have been identified in different environments. The resistance to MRDD is polygenically inherited and some major and minor quantitative trait loci （QTLs） have been identified. Each chromosome likely contains genes or QTLs for resistance to MRDD. The patterns of cellular defense system-related gene transcription, protein synthesis, hormone level and other biological pathways changed in response to virus infection. We summarize recent molecular studies on the maize rough dwarf disease pathogen, the genetic basis of resistance germplasm and the induced （anti-） mechanism of MRDD to provide theoretical guidance for anti-MRDD molecular breeding.

关 键 词：基因 玉米 粗缩病毒 致病机理 抗病机理 

分 类 号：S435.13[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]