芒属植物重要农艺性状的主基因+多基因混合遗传分析  

Major Gene Plus Polygene Inheritance Analysis of Agronomic Traits in Miscanthus

作　　者：王钻 黄红梅[1] 杨塞[1] 肖亮[2] 易自力[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学生物科学技术学院,湖南长沙410128 [2]湖南农业大学芒属植物生态应用技术湖南省工程实验室,湖南长沙410128

出　　处：《中国草地学报》2017年第3期15-22,共8页Chinese Journal of Grassland

基　　金：湖南农业大学作物种质创新与利用重点实验室开放课题(15KFXM02);湖南省教育厅一般项目(15C0667)

摘　　要：选芒属植物中表型性状存在显著差异的南荻(P1)与芒(P2)相互杂交,得到正、反交F_1代群体,并运用数量性状主+多基因混合遗传分析法对群体的分蘖数、腋芽数、干重、株高、基部外径、基部内径、中部外径、中部内径8性状进行了分析。结果表明:(1)在8个农艺性状中,各性状的正、反交变异范围大,均超过双亲本的变异范围。其中,基部内径、腋芽数和单株干重这3个性状变异系数最大。(2)分蘖数、腋芽数、株高、基部内径、中部外径、中部内径在正、反交后代存在显著性差异,推断可能存在母性遗传效应。(3)腋芽数的正、反交均受2对主基因+加性+显性控制,即B-2模型,主基因遗传率[hmg^2(%)]正、反交分别为86.318%和92.374%;单株干重、株高、中部外径的最适模型为A-0,即无主基因模型;分蘖数为1对主基因控制的模型;基部内径、中部内径最适模型为2对主基因控制的模型;基部外径正、反交分别是无主基因模型和1对主基因模型。The mixed major gene plus polygene inheritance model was used to analysis the inheritance law of 8 agronomic traits in Miscanthus in reciprocal crosses F1 generations derived from M. lutarioriparius （P1）×M. lutarioriparius （P2）. The results showed that ： 1）Range of variation for each trait in reciprocal progenies was far beyond that of their parents. The widest variation was in inner diameter of basic stem, axillary bud number and dry weight of plant. 2） Significant differences were observed between two reciprocal crosses in tiller number, axillary bud number, plant height, inner diameter of basic stem, outer diameter of middle stern and inner diameter of middle stem, which suggested that there could be maternal genetic phenomenon for these traits in Miscanthus. 3） The axillary bud number was fitted for two additive- dominance major gene model （B--2）, and the heritability of major genes of positive and negative crosses was 86.318-//00 and 92.374%, respectively. And no major gene model （A--0） was the most suitable model for dry weight of plant, plant height and outer diameter of middle stem, tiller number was controlled by one major gene model,inner diameter of basic stem and inner diameter of middle stem were suitable for two major gene model, outer diameter of basic stem was suitable for no major gene model and one major gene model in positive cross and negative cross, respectively. The results of this paper afford a theoretical basis for the further study of QTL mapping of agronomic traits and molecular marker assisted breeding program in Miscathus.

关 键 词：芒属植物 正反交群体 主基因+多基因 遗传分析 

分 类 号：S543[农业科学—作物学]