叶面喷施镁肥对妃子笑荔枝果皮着色及钾钙镁含量的影响  

Effects of magnesium foliar application on pericarp coloring of Litchi chinensis Sonn. cv. Feizixiao and contents of potassium,calcium and magnesium in pericarp

作　　者：王展[1] 李世军[1] 袁孟玲 周开兵[1] 

机构地区：[1]海南大学园艺园林学院,海口570228

出　　处：《南方农业学报》2017年第5期854-860,共7页Journal of Southern Agriculture

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31160383)

摘　　要：【目的】探讨叶面喷施镁肥对妃子笑荔枝果皮着色及其钾、钙、镁含量的影响,为制定妃子笑荔枝合理施肥技术措施提供参考依据。【方法】以妃子笑荔枝成年树(16年生)为试材,在生理落果刚结束时叶面喷施镁肥,以喷清水为对照(CK),测定果皮色度角、花色素苷和叶绿素含量、果肉糖含量、果皮钾、钙、镁全量及水溶性含量,并进行相关性分析。【结果】叶面喷施镁肥后可促进果皮花色素苷积累而使荔枝果皮提前着色,可显著提高果皮水溶性钙、全镁和水溶性镁含量(P<0.05,下同)。喷施镁肥处理和CK的果皮全钾含量与水溶性钙含量、水溶性钾含量与全镁含量、水溶性钾含量与全钙含量、全镁含量与全钙含量的线性偏相关系数均达显著水平;喷施镁肥处理的果皮全钙含量与水溶性钙含量的线性偏相关系数差异显著。在果皮发育着色过程中,喷施镁肥处理和CK的果皮全钙、水溶性钙、全镁和水溶性镁含量与花色素苷含量间的一元指数函数均呈显著正相关;果皮钙含量与镁含量存在相互增益效应。【结论】妃子笑荔枝叶面喷施镁肥可提高果皮钙和镁含量,显著促进果皮花色素苷积累,促进果皮提前着色,克服果皮滞绿现象,可在生产上推广应用。【Objective】The experiment was conducted to study the effects of magnesium（Mg） foliar application on pericarp coloring and contents of potassium（K）, calcium（Ca） and Mg in pericarp, and provided references for reasonable fertilization measures of Litchi chinensis Sonn. cv. Feizixiao. 【Method】Adult trees of Litchi chinensis Sonn. cv Feizixiao（16-year-old） were used as materials. After physiological fruit-falling period, the trees were sprayed with Mg fertilizer, in parallel with clean water for control（CK）. Hue angle, anthocyanin content, chlorophyll content, sugar content in flesh, total K, total Ca, total Mg, water soluble K, water soluble Ca and water soluble Mg in pericarp were recorded and correlation analysis was conducted. 【Result】Mg foliar fertilizer application promoted the coloration of pericarp in advance by promoting accumulation of anthocyanin in pericarp, and significantly increased contents of water soluble Ca, total Mg and water soluble Mg（P〈0.05, the same below）. Linear partial correlation coefficient between total K and water soluble Ca, between water soluble K and total Mg, between water soluble K and total Ca, and between total Mg and total Ca in pericarp reached significant level in spraying Mg fertilizer treatment and CK. There was significant difference between total Ca content and water soluble Ca content in linear partial correlation coefficient in spraying Mg fertilizer treatment. During pericarp coloring, unary exponential functions between total Ca, water soluble Ca, total Mg, water soluble Mg in pericarp between anthocyanin content in both Mg spraying treatment and CK were positive correlated. There was mutual gain effects between Ca content and Mg content in pericarp. 【Conclusion】Mg foliar application can increase anthocyanin accumulation of L. chinensis Sonn. cv. Feizixiao pericarp by increasing the contents of Ca and Mg, promote the coloration of pericarp in advance and overcome stay-green problem. Therefore, it can be promoted in actual plant

关 键 词：妃子笑荔枝 镁肥 果皮着色 钾 钙 镁 

分 类 号：S667.1[农业科学—果树学]