一种新型匀染剂的合成及应用研究  

Synthesis and Application Research of a New Type Levelling Agent

作　　者：田孟超[1] 徐凤华[1] 翟祝贺[1] 李爱梅[1] 赵亚楠[1] 

机构地区：[1]中原工学院,河南郑州450007

出　　处：《河南化工》2017年第5期25-28,共4页Henan Chemical Industry

摘　　要：为克服阳离子染料上染腈纶时,容易存在染色不匀、色牢度不好的弊端,合成了一种新型的季铵盐型阳离子表面活性剂。先用N,N-二甲基丙二胺与硬脂酸通过酰胺化反应合成N,N-二甲基硬脂酰基丙二胺,然后再和苄基氯反应合成新型匀染剂,通过正交试验设计的方法确定了最佳合成工艺:投料物质的量比n(N,N-二甲基硬脂酰基丙二胺)∶n(苄基氯)=1∶1.0,温度75℃条件下,反应时间3.5h。该条件下合成匀染剂,产物收率为88.7%。用制备的匀染剂与匀染剂DC(即N,N-二甲基十八烷基苄基氯化铵)在相同的条件下对腈纶进行对比染色发现,该新型匀染剂比匀染剂DC匀染效果更好。In order to overcome the disadvantages of uneven dyeing and poor color fastness in dyeing acrylic fiber with cationic dyes, a new type quaternary ammonium cationic surfactants is synthesized. First of all, N, N- dimethyl stearic propane diamine is synthesized by amidation reaction of N, N -dimethyl- propane diamine with stearic acid. Then novel cationic levelling agent is synthesized by quaternization of N - N - dimethyl stearyl propane diamine with benzyl chloride. The best synthetic process is determined by orthogonal experiments, the mole ratio n （ N, N - dimethyl stearic propane diamine） ： n （ benzyl chlo- ride） = 1 ： 1.0, reaction temperature 75 ℃, reaction time 3.5 h. Under the given conditions, the yield of the target product is 88.7%. The Dyeing experiments of acrylic fibers using the levelling agent DC as a comparison under the same conditions found that the levelling effect of the new type of levelling agent is better than levelling agent DC .

关 键 词：新型阳离子匀染剂 季铵盐 腈纶 N N-二甲基硬脂酰基丙二胺 

分 类 号：TQ610.43[化学工程—精细化工]