外源硅对铝胁迫下鸭茅形态构建和植株体内铝积累的影响  

Effects of Silicon on Plant Morphology and Uptake of Aluminum in Orchardgrass under Aluminum Stress

作　　者：张美艳[1] 刘彦培 张英俊[2] 袁福锦[1] 钟声[1] 薛世明[1] 

机构地区：[1]云南省草地动物科学研究院,云南昆明650212 [2]中国农业大学草地所,北京100193

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2017年第5期1137-1144,共8页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：云南省科技计划项目(2013FZ173);云南省自然基金项目(2016FD004);云南省"云岭产业技术领军人才"(云发改人事[2015]1495号)

摘　　要：【目的】硅能够缓解一些植物的非生物胁迫症状,但是硅能否缓解鸭茅的铝毒症状并不清楚。为明确硅缓解铝胁迫下鸭茅植株生长发育的调节机理。【方法】试验选取中国西南地区主栽鸭茅品种,德纳塔(Donata)、安巴(Amba)、宝兴(Baoxing)和牧友(Potomac)为供试植物,利用水培试验研究了不同添加量的外源硅(0、2 m M)对铝(0、10、30、50和100μM)胁迫下鸭茅(Dactylis glomerata L.)植株生长、形态构建及对铝离子吸收的影响。【结果】(1)外源加硅2 m M明显缓解了铝胁迫下鸭茅植株生长的受抑症状,在一定程度上增加了鸭茅根系干重及枝条干重,并改变了根冠比和叶片重量比的变化趋势;(2)外源加硅明显降低了鸭茅根系和茎叶吸收和积累铝的水平,并显著增加了鸭茅的总根体积、根毛数量和根系伸长率。(3)外源加硅对缓解铝离子胁迫下的根系形态参数根系长度、表面积及体积均具有一定的调节作用。【结论】硅有利于促进铝胁迫下鸭茅植株健康形态的重新构建,并降低植株对铝离子的吸收,从而降低植株的中毒症状。[ Objective ] Silicon （Si） has showed to mitigate the inhibition symptoms of plants to abiotic stress. However, it was still unclear whether Si could alleviate suppressed growth of orchardgrass to A1 stress. [ Method ] A hydroponic solution cultivation experiment was conduc- ted with several varieties of orchardgrass （ Dactylis glomerata L. vars. Donata, Amba, Baoxing and Potomac） in the Southwest of China grown in combined Si（0 mM, 2 mM） and A1 （0,10, 30, 50, and 100 μM） to investigate the plant growth, morphology parameters and aluminum ion uptake of orchardgrass. [ Result] Si addition at the concentration of 2 mM obviously mitigated inhibition symptoms of orchardgrass growth under AI stress. Si increased the root weight and shoot weight of orchardgrass to A1 stress. Both the root-shoot ratio and LWR of orchardgrass were changed by Si addition. Si decreased the A1 uptake of roots and shoots in orchardgrass under A1 stress. And Si increased the total root volume, root hair quantity and RTI of orchardgrass to A1 stress. Si stimulated the plant morphology including root length, surface area and volume of orchard^ass plants exposed to A1. [ Conelusion] Si was good for construction of health plant morphology and decreasing the alumi- num ion concentration in plant of orchardgrass to A1 stress, which could relief the A1 toxicity symptom.

关 键 词：硅 铝胁迫 鸭茅 植株形态 铝的吸收 

分 类 号：S545[农业科学—作物学]