纳米晶体表面结构控制:过饱和度法调控原理与应用  

Surface structure-controlled synthesis of nanocrystals through supersaturation dependent growth strategy

作　　者：张嘉伟[1,2,3] 陈巧丽[1,2,3] 曹振明[1,2,3] 匡勤[1,2,3] 林海昕[1,2,3] 谢兆雄[1,2,3] Jiawei Zhang Qiaoli Chen Zhenming Cao Qin Kuang Haixin Lin Zhaoxiong Xie(State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materialsl Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China)

机构地区：[1]能源材料化学协同创新中心 [2]固体表面物理化学国家重点实验室 [3]厦门大学化学化工学院化学系,厦门361005

出　　处：《中国科学：化学》2017年第5期507-516,共10页SCIENTIA SINICA Chimica

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(编号:2015CB932301);国家自然科学基金项目(编号:21333008;21473146;21671163;21603178);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助(编号:20720140529);中国博士后科学基金(编号:2016M602066)资助项目

摘　　要：纳米晶体很多重要的物理化学性质与其表面结构密切相关,纳米晶的表面结构调控及相关理论研究是前沿和热点领域.本评述总结了非平衡态过饱和条件下纳米晶体生长热力学相关理论及其在离子晶体、分子晶体、贵金属、氧化物、金属有机框架等5类纳米晶体表面结构控制中的应用.从热力学推导出的"类"Thomson-Gibbs方程可以发现,晶体裸露晶面的表面能与其生长过程生长基元的过饱和度成正比.该理论揭示了过饱和度在纳米晶体表面结构控制中的重要作用,为合理设计合成具有特定表面结构的纳米晶提供了有效指导.Many physical and chemical properties of nanocrystals are closely related to their surface structures. Studies on the surface structure control of nanocrystals and related theories are hot and frontier research topics recently. In this review, we introduce the supersaturation control strategy and its application in the surface structure control of nanocrystals ranging from ionic, molecular, metallic, metal oxide, to metal-organic frameworks crystals. Deduced from thermodynamics, it can be found that the surface energy ofnanocrystals is directly proportional to the supersaturation of growth units. The relationship between supersaturation and surface energy provides an important theoretical basis for the controlled synthesis of nanocrystals with specific surface structure.

关 键 词：过饱和度 表面结构 高表面能晶面 纳米晶 

分 类 号：O76[理学—晶体学] TB383.1[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]