燃料电池用磷酸掺杂高温质子交换膜研究进展  

Progress of phosphoric acid doped high temperature proton exchange membrane for fuel cells

作　　者：卢善富[1] 徐鑫[1] 张劲[1] 相艳[1] Shan-Fu Lu Xin Xu Jin Zhang Yan Xiang(Beijing Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Energyy Materials and Devices, School of Space and Environment, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China)

机构地区：[1]北京航空航天大学空间与环境学院,仿生能源材料与器件北京市重点实验室,北京100191

出　　处：《中国科学：化学》2017年第5期565-572,共8页SCIENTIA SINICA Chimica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(编号:21576007,51422301);国家高技术研究发展计划(编号:2013AA031902)资助项目

摘　　要：高温质子交换膜燃料电池(HT-PEMFC)具有高温下电极反应动力学快、催化剂抗毒化能力强及水热管理简单的优点,是当今燃料电池的重要研究领域之一.作为HT-PEMFC的关键部件,高温质子交换膜直接影响着燃料电池的输出性能和使用寿命.磷酸掺杂型高温质子交换膜因其高温低湿或无水条件下较高的质子电导率、良好的化学稳定性及热稳定性等而成为高温质子交换膜材料的研究热点.但是,在实际应用过程中,其面临质子电导率与力学性能难以协同兼顾以及磷酸流失等问题.结合本课题组及国内外的文献报道,本文综述了磷酸掺杂高温质子交换膜的研究现状、关键科学问题及解决策略,展望了HT-PEM的未来发展方向.High temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cells （HT-PEMFCs） have been considered as one of the most attractive power sources for portable devices, due to their high tolerance to CO, enhanced activity of the electrocatalysts and simplified water and heat managements. As the key component, high temperature proton exchange membranes （HT-PEMs） influence a lot on fuel cell performance and long term stability. In recent years, phosphoric acid （PA） doped HT-PEMs have been proved to be one of the most promising alternatives for HT-PEMFCs because of their high proton conductivity and great thermal stability. The major technical challenges of these PA doped HT-PEMs are that the increase of PA loading enhances proton conductivity while the mechanical properties significantly decrease and the PA leaching exacerbates, which limit their wide applicability in HT-PEMFCs. This monograph summarizes recent advances for PA doped HT-PEMs on the design of new polymer, physical modification, microstructure control and so on. These developments on fundamental theories and main technologies establish a good foundation for future research.

关 键 词：燃料电池 磷酸掺杂高温质子交换膜 质子电导率 力学性能 磷酸流失 

分 类 号：TM911.4[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动]