注射四联疫苗与有益微生物联用在草鱼池塘养殖中的应用效果  

The application of combination use of inoculating quadrivalent vaccine and beneficial microorganisms in culture of grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus)

作　　者：刘春花[1] 赵长臣[1] 江小燕[1] 陈总会[1] 陶家发[1] 黄志斌[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院珠江水产研究所,广东广州510380

出　　处：《上海海洋大学学报》2017年第3期392-399,共8页Journal of Shanghai Ocean University

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划课题(2012BAD25B02);广东省科技计划项目(2013A020103012;2016B020234003;2016B090920089)

摘　　要：为提高草鱼抗病害能力,并维持良好的水体环境,在中山市东升镇北洋水产养殖场选用12口池塘开展注射草鱼细菌性烂鳃、肠炎、赤皮三联灭活疫苗与病毒性出血病冻干疫苗相混合的四联苗,并联用有益微生物的示范性试验。结果显示,注射四联疫苗后草鱼的抗体效价在D7时即可检测到,D30时达最高值,D90时仍维持该水平;注射四联疫苗组草鱼的免疫原性比空白对照组提高,平均成活率提高29.7%(P<0.01),平均免疫保护率为90.9%;使用有益微生物在改良水质、优化养殖环境方面作用显著,可提高草鱼平均存活率7.9%(P<0.05);疫苗与有益微生物制剂联用组草鱼的平均成活率提高31.7%(P<0.01),获得免疫保护率达96.6%;四联苗组、有益微生物组、四联苗与有益微生物联用组的日增重、净增重、增重率、特定生长率均比对照组提高,饵料系数降低,3个试验组草鱼的收益比对照组分别增加875、1854、2255元(P<0.05)。上述试验结果证明,草鱼四联疫苗与有益微生物联用的养殖效果最佳,既可增强鱼体抗病害能力,提高存活率,促进生长,又可改善养殖水体环境,具有良好的协同效益,极具推广应用价值。To improve the disease-resistant ability and maintain good aquatic environment,experiments were carried out in 12 ponds in Beiyang Aquafarm located in Dongsheng Town of Zhongshan City by combination use of inoculating quadrivalent vaccine and beneficial microorganisms in grass carp（ Ctenopharyngodon idellus） aquaculture. The results indicated that when grass carp was inoculated,antibody titer was detected 7days later,with maximum value in 30 days,and even sustained until the experiments ended. The average survival rate of grass carp in quadrivalent vaccine immunized group was 29. 7%,significantly higher than control group（ P〈0. 01）,and the relative percent survival was 90. 9%. Use of beneficial microbes was useful to improve water quality,optimize the aquaculture conditions,and raise the average survival rate（ 7. 9%,P〈0. 01）. The average survival rate of grass carp in combination use of inoculating quadrivalent vaccine and beneficial microorganisms group was 31. 7%（ P〈0. 01） higher than control group,and the relative percent survival was 96. 6%. All the average daily gain,net gain,weight gain rate and specific growth rate were increased,and the food coefficient was declined in 3 treatment groups. The profits of the 3treatment groups were 875,1854,2 255 yuan higher than control group respectively（ P〈0. 05）. The results showed that the disease-resistant ability,the average survival rate and the growth rate of grass carp were raised, and the aquatic environment was improved by using quadrivalent vaccine and beneficial microorganisms together, showing a great synergistic effect and opening up a new way of cooperative application.

关 键 词：草鱼 有益微生物 四联疫苗 注射免疫 

分 类 号：S942[农业科学—水产养殖]