固定化藻菌净化水产养殖废水效果及固定化条件优选研究  

Study on efficiency of purifying the aquacultural waste water with immobilized alga-bacteria system and immobilization conditions optimization

作　　者：刘娥[1,2] 刘兴国[2] 王小冬[2] 陆诗敏[2] 曾宪磊[2] 

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学水产与生命学院,上海201306 [2]中国水产科学研究院渔业机械仪器研究所,上海200092

出　　处：《上海海洋大学学报》2017年第3期422-431,共10页Journal of Shanghai Ocean University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31372570);"十二五"国家科技支撑计划课题(2012BAD25B01);上海市科技兴农重点攻关项目[沪农科攻字(2014)第6-3号]

摘　　要：为研发净化水产养殖废水的菌藻固定化体,以蛋白核小球藻(Chlorella pyrenoidosa Chick)、光合细菌(Photosynthetic bacteria,PSB)和海藻酸钠、CaCl_2等为试验材料,采用正交法等方法,研究了菌藻固定球的制备方法与条件,比较分析了固定化菌藻球对养殖废水的净化去除效果。结果表明,包埋蛋白小球藻和光合细菌的最适条件为2%海藻酸钠与6%氯化钙交联24 h。养殖废水中,藻菌固定球在1~4 d对PO_4^(3-)-P去除率显著高于蛋白核小球藻和光合细菌(P<0.05),在5~8 d对NH_4^+-N去除率也显著高于后两者。固定化菌藻球在24℃对磷和氮去除率最高分别可达84%和95%。本研究表明,合理的固定和使用菌藻结合体可显著提高对养殖废水的净化效率,使用藻菌固定化球净化养殖废水比单独使用菌类或藻类效果更好。Chlorella pyrenoidosa Chick and Photosynthetic Bacteria were immobilized by sodium alginate and calcium chloride for aquaculture wastewater purification, and the purification capacity was investigated. The conditions of its immobilization were studied by orthogonal experiments. The results showed that algae- bacterium immobilized balls which were embedded by 2 % sodium alginate and cross-linked for 24 h by 6 % calcium chloride improved orthophosphate and ammonia-nitrogen removal efficiency, which respectively reached 84% and 95% at 24 ℃. It was higher than immobilization algae and bacterium separately （ P 〈 0.05 ） for orthophosphate during the periods of first- forth days and for ammonia nitrogen during the periods of fifth -eighth days. The studies indicate that the purification capacity of algae and bacterium can be improved significantly for aquaculture waste water by using algae-bacteria combination and to be fixed reasonably. Applying algae-bacterium immobilized balls has better effect than adopting algae and bacterium separately in purification efficiency of aquaculture wastewater.

关 键 词：蛋白核小球藻 光合细菌 固定化 水产养殖废水 脱氮除磷 

分 类 号：S912[农业科学—水产科学]