九江苦荞大小孢子发生与雌雄配子体发育观察  

Observation of Mega-and Microsporogenesis and Development of Male and Female Gametophytes in Fagopyrum tataricum

作　　者：吴凯[1] 左振君 夏胜应 刘志雄[1] 

机构地区：[1]长江大学园艺园林学院,湖北荆州434025

出　　处：《长江大学学报（自然科学版）》2017年第10期34-37,78,共5页Journal of Yangtze University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：湖北省教育厅重点项目(D20151302)

摘　　要：采用石蜡切片技术对苦荞(Fagopyrum tataricum)大、小孢子发生及雌、雄配子体的发育进行了观察研究。结果显示:苦荞花药4室,花粉囊壁由表皮、药室内壁、1层中层和1层绒毡层组成;小孢子四分体胞质分裂为同时型,四分体为四面体型,成熟花粉为2细胞型;胚珠直立、双珠被、厚珠心、大孢子四分体直线型、合点端为功能大孢子、蓼型胚囊;大孢子发生和雌配子体发育前期慢、后期快,小孢子四分体时期才能见大孢子母细胞,功能大孢子形成于2细胞花粉形成期,但也随着花粉壁加厚和发育成熟,功能大孢子很快分裂发育成成熟胚囊。Mega-and Microsporogenesis and development of male and female gametophytes in Fagopyrum tataricum were observed based on paraffin sectioning method.The results showed that anthers were tetradymous and the anther wall consists of epidrmrmis,endotheca,one layer of middle layer and glandular tapetum.Meiosis of microspore mother cell was followed by simultaneous cytokinesis and results in tetrahedral tetrads.Mature pollen grains were 2-cell type.Orthotropous ovule,inner and outer integument,and thick nucellus were observed in embryo sac.The megaspore mother cells undergo meiosis and divided into linear type tetrads,and the megaspore in the chalazal end was functional one.The embryo sac was Polygonum type.Megaspore mother cells appear when the tetrahedral tetrads of microspore was formed,while the functional megaspore was developed until 2-cell pollen grains was formed.

关 键 词：苦荞(Fagopyrum tataricum) 孢子 配子体 

分 类 号：Q949.744[生物学—植物学] Q945.5