3D打印在脊柱外科的应用现状与未来  

Application of 3D printing technology in spinal surgery: status quo and future

作　　者：白博[1] 白雪岭[2] 赵小文 桑宏勋[4] BAI Bo BAI Xue-ling ZHAO Xiao-wen SANG Hong-xun(Department of Orthopedics, Xijing Hospital, the fourth Military Medical University, Xi ＇an, Shaanxi, 710032, China)

机构地区：[1]第四军医大学西京医院骨科,西安710032 [2]中国科学院深圳先进技术研究院,深圳518055 [3]深圳市艾科赛龙科技股份有限公司研究院,518052 [4]南方医科大学深圳医院骨科中心,深圳518000

出　　处：《中国骨与关节杂志》2017年第5期321-325,共5页Chinese Journal of Bone and Joint

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(81270959);深圳市科技计划项目(JCYJ20150401150223635)

摘　　要：3D打印（three-dimensional printing,3DP）出现于20世纪80年代,又称增材制造（additive manufacturing,AM）。随着材料科学和计算机科学的发展,其在骨科、颌面外科、神经外科、心血管内科等医学领域的应用越来越广泛[1-2],并成为研究的热点。3D打印以CT或MRI等影像数据为素材。The latest and fast-growing innovation in the orthopedic field has been the advent of 3D printing（ 3DP） technology, which has been recently applied in the production of low-cost, patient-specific medical implants. As the development of clinical medicine and other interdisciplinary areas, digital design and 3DP get combined, and the individualized treatment in the orthopedic field has been significantly improved. Currently, the applications of 3DP are cutting-edge in the field of spinal surgery widely. Spinal surgery is very complex and the risk is extremely high considering its complicated anatomical structure and adjacency to important nerves and blood vessels. Significantly, 3DP applications in spinal surgery have potential to improve surgical outcomes through the establishment of the preoperative diagnosis and surgical planning, surgery simulation, intraoperative neuronavigator, surgical education, custom manufacturing（ implants, prosthetics and surgical guides） and bone tissue engineering. The 3DP technology can provide innovative ideas for developing individual treatment programs, improving the accuracy and safety of surgery, simplifying the surgical process and reducing the operation time. However, the development level of 3DP at present is not balanced, and there is no standard to follow, difficulty in charging and other problems. The problems about policies and techniques are urgent to be resolved.

关 键 词：打印 三维 脊柱 外科手术 计算机辅助 脊柱侧凸 骨和骨组织 

分 类 号：R687[医药卫生—骨科学]