影响HIV/AIDS感染者生命质量的人口学因素分析  

The influence of demographic factors on the quality of life of HIV/AIDS patients

作　　者：高美霞[1] 陈宇婧[2] 李星明[2] 袁晓青[3] 徐凤[2] 福燕[4] 张玉林[1] GAO Meixia CHEN Yujin LI Xingming YUAN Xiaoqing XU Feng FU Yan ZHANG Yulin(The First Department of Communicable Diseases, Beijing You＇an Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China Department of Nursing, Beijing You＇an Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China Love Home, Beijing You＇an Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China)

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学附属北京佑安医院感染一科,北京100069 [2]首都医科大学公共卫生学院,北京100069 [3]首都医科大学附属北京佑安医院护理部,北京100069 [4]首都医科大学附属北京佑安医院爱心家园,北京100069

出　　处：《中国医药导报》2017年第15期63-67,共5页China Medical Herald

基　　金：首都中医药及护理学研究专项课题(13HL02)

摘　　要：目的了解并分析影响HIV/AIDS感染者生命质量的相关人口学因素,提高患者的生命质量。方法利用简单随机抽样法从首都医科大学附属北京佑安医院爱心家园中接受住院治疗的HIV/AIDS感染者中抽取HIV/AIDS感染者500例。应用SF-36健康调查量表中文版调查可能影响生命质量的人口学特征,评价HIV/AIDS感染者的生命质量。对可能影响生命质量的人口学特征进行单因素以及多因素分析。结果 423例HIV/AIDS感染者入组,生命质量8个维度的平均得分分别为生理功能(93.02±10.97)分、社会功能(49.18±10.85)分、生理职能(57.53±30.82)分、躯体疼痛(93.21±15.43)分、精神健康(61.74±11.51)分、情感职能(58.05±33.76)分、活力(57.29±9.69)分、总体健康(52.36±7.66)分、生命质量总分(522.38±73.55)分。单因素分析显示:教育程度的差异对生理(F=8.346,P=0.015)、精神健康(F=7.190,P=0.027)、总体健康(F=7.127,P=0.028)有明显影响;自费与非自费比较在生理功能(F=6.363,P=0.012)、生理职能(F=11.961,P=0.001)、躯体疼痛(F=62.257,P=0.000)、精神健康(F=85.943,P=0.000)、活力(F=15.497,P=0.000)、总体健康(F=27.787,P=0.000)方面差异有统计学意义。多因素分析则显示,文化程度不同对生理功能、躯体疼痛有明显影响,医疗保障则对活力有影响(P<0.05)。结论受教育程度与医疗费用方式对HIV/AIDS感染者生命质量具有明显影响,因而加强HIV/AIDS感染者的健康宣讲和改善医保待遇将有利于提高其生命质量。Objective To analyze the impact of demographic factors on life quality of HIV/AIDS infected people, in order to improve the life quality of patients. Methods 500 cases of HIV/AIDS infection patients were randomly selected from HIV/AIDS patients who were hospitalized in Love Home, Beijing You＇an Hospital, Capital Medical University fly means of simple random sampling method. A questionnaire survey was conducted among 500 individuals with HIV/ AIDS. Their QOL were assessed by Chinese version of SF-36, and demographic features related to QOL were also analyzed. Single factor analysis and multivariate analysis of variance were used to analyze the demographic characteristics that might affect the quality of life. Results 423 HIV/AIDS patients were enrolled successfully. The average scores of PF, SF, RP, BP, MH,RE, VT, GH and total quality of life was （93.02±10.97）, （49.18±10.85）, （57.53±30.82）, （93.21± 15.43）, （61.74±11.51）, （58.05±33.76）, （57.29±9.69）, （52.36±7.66）, （522.38±73.55） points respectively. Single factor analysis showed that physiology （F = 8.346, P = 0.015）, mental health （F = 7.190, P = 0.027） and overall health （F = 7.127, P = 0.028） were obviously affected by education. Physical function （F = 6.363, P =0.012）, physical function （F = 11.961, P = 0.001）, physical pain （F = 62.257, P =0.000）, mental health （F = 85.943, P =0.000）, viability （F = 15.497, P =0.000）, overall health （F = 27.787, P =0.000） were significantly different between the different payment methods. Multivariate analysis showed that the degree of education had a significant effect on physiological function, physical pain, while health care had an effect on viability （P 〈 0.05）. Conclusion Education level and medical expenses have significant impacts on the quality of life of HIV/AIDS patients, thereby strengthening the knowledge of HIV/AIDS patients and improving health care benefits will help improve their quality of life.

关 键 词：HIV/AIDS感染者 人口学特征 生命质量 

分 类 号：R512.91[医药卫生—内科学]