广州市中小学生营养知、信、行现况及其与体质指数的相关性研究  

Nutritional KAP of primary and secondary school students in Guangzhou and its correlation with BMI

作　　者：姜志杰[1] 王玉林[2] 苏立杰[1] 周泉[1] 吴鑫兰[1] 钟永怡 邱振阳 陈樱萌 陈骁熠[1] JIANG Zhijie WANG Yulin SU Lijie ZHOU Quan WU Xinlan ZHONG Yongyi QIU Zhenyang CHEN Yingmeng CHEN Xiaoyi(Department of Food Quality and Safety, Public Health, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong 511436 , China)

机构地区：[1]广州医科大学公共卫生学院食品质量与安全系,广东511436 [2]广州市疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《医学动物防制》2017年第6期591-595,共5页Journal of Medical Pest Control

基　　金：广州市教育局青少年科技教育项目(2016-0304)

摘　　要：目的了解广州市中小学生膳食营养知识、态度和行为现状,探索其"知信行"素养与体质指数水平的相关性,为制定广州市中小学生营养健康教育对策提供依据。方法采用整群抽样的方法,对广州市4所中小学579名在校学生膳食营养知识、态度和行为进行问卷调查。结果营养知识知晓程度被评为"优秀"和"良好"的中小学生仅分别占1.1%、5.5%,男生优于女生,差异有统计学意义(χ~2=16.65,P<0.05);58.7%的中小学生对营养知识感兴趣,97.5%意识到营养知识对健康的重要性;超过半数中小学生存在吃零食(90.1%)、挑食偏食(69.2%)、吃宵夜(70.7%)等不良饮食行为;正常组中从不吃宵夜的人数最多,差异有统计学意义(χ~2=17.59,P<0.05)。结论广州市中小学生膳食营养知识、态度和行为的整体水平不高,大多数中小学生的饮食态度较为端正,但仍存在不良饮食行为,其中肥胖中小学生吃宵夜问题尤为严重。应加强膳食营养健康教育,重点纠正低年级与超重肥胖学生的饮食结构与行为。Objective To acquaint the current situation of primary and secondary school students＇ nutritional knowledge, atti- tude, practice（KAP） and investigate the relationship between K- A- P and Body Mass Index（BMI）. To provide evidence for the development of nutrition and health education strategies of primary and secondary school students in Guangzhou. Methods A cluster sampling method was used to investigate the knowledge, attitude and behavior of 579 students in four primary and second- ary schools in Guangzhou. Results The students who were rated as excellent and good were only 1.1%, 5.5%, boys were bet- ter than girls and its＇ difference was statistically significant （x~ = 16. 65, P 〈0. 05） ; 58.7% of primary and secondary students were interested in nutrition knowledge, 97.5% realized the importance of nutrition knowledge for health, more than half of pri- mary and secondary school students had unhealthy eating behaviors, such as eating snacks （90. 1% ）, picky eaters or partial e- clipse（69. 2% ）, eating supper（70.7% ）. In the normal group, the number of students who didn＇ t eat supper was the highest （X2 = 17.59, P 〈 0.05 ）. Conclusion The overall level of knowledge, attitude and behavior of dietary nutrition of primary and secondary school students in Guangzhou was not high, most of the primary and secondary school students ＇ nutritional attitude were good, but some bad eating habits still existed, eating supper problem was particularly serious in the obese students, so diet structure and habits should be corrected on focus in the low grade and overweight and obesity students.

关 键 词：营养“知信行” 体质指数 相关性 中小学生 

分 类 号：R153.2[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]