一种基于GNSS测高的近海单站水位改正方法  

A Method of Offshore Single Station Water-level Correction Based on GNSS Altimeter

作　　者：孙月文[1,2] 辛明真 李富强[3] 王贤昆[1] 阳凡林[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东科技大学测绘科学与工程学院,山东青岛266590 [2]长江航道测量中心,湖北武汉430010 [3]国家测绘地理信息局第七地形测量队,海南海口570203

出　　处：《海洋测绘》2017年第3期32-35,共4页Hydrographic Surveying and Charting

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41376108);测绘公益性行业科研专项(201512034);长江航道局重点科技项目(201630014)

摘　　要：针对在海洋水深测量或海底地形测量中,部分距岸较远测量区域的水位改正问题,提出一种基于GNSS测高的近海单站水位改正方法,通过对船载GNSS测高数据进行波浪滤波及吃水改正,计算得到反映水位变化的大地高,然后采用最小二乘拟合法,计算测区大地高水位与单验潮站水位的基准面偏差,统一GNSS大地高水位与岸边验潮站基准,从而对测区水深数据进行水位改正。实验表明,该方法可达到厘米级的水位改正精度,满足相关测量规范要求,具有一定的应用价值。In the small and medium-sized projects for the marine surveys or bathymetric surveys,they often face the situation that the part of the measurement area is far away from the coast with the main features of the inconvenience to lay a tidal station on one side of the sea and a short duration and generally only a fewdays or more than 10 days.In viewof the water level correction for this situation,this paper proposes a method of offshore single water-level correction based on GNSS altimeter.Firstly,the ellipsoidal height reflecting the variation of water level can be calculated according to the shipboard GNSS altimeter data after wave filtering and draft correction.Then,the datum deviation can be obtained using the least square fitting model between the single tidal water level and the ellipsoidal height water level. Finally,the ellipsoidal height water level is converted to the water level whose datum is consistent with the shore tidal station,so that the sounding data can be corrected in the measurement area.Experiments showthat accuracy of the water level correction can achieve centimeter level using this method the meet the requirements of the relevant measurement specification and have application value.

关 键 词：GNSS测高 水位改正 基准面偏差 小波滤波 最小二乘拟合 

分 类 号：P229[天文地球—大地测量学与测量工程]