大通河上游16种多年生禾草引种试验研究  

Initial assessment of sixteen perennial grass species in the upper Datong River

作　　者：景美玲[1,2,3] 马玉寿[1,2,3] 李世雄[1,2,3] 王彦龙[1,2,3] 

机构地区：[1]青海省畜牧兽医科学院,青海西宁810003 [2]青海大学省部共建三江源生态与高原农牧业国家重点实验室,青海西宁810003 [3]青海大学三江源区高寒草地生态省部共建教育部重点实验室,青海西宁810003

出　　处：《草业学报》2017年第6期76-88,共13页Acta Prataculturae Sinica

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划课题"祁连山天然草地生态系统修复与保护技术集成示范"(2012BAC08B03);青海省科技支撑计划课题"祁连山退化草地恢复及可持续利用技术集成示范"(2015-SF-129);2015年祁连山生态保护与建设综合治理工程科技示范项目"黑土滩(坡)治理技术集成示范"(2015-Q-1)资助

摘　　要：为筛选出适宜在青海祁连山大通河上游地区种植的多年生牧草,以丰富人工草地的建植、快速恢复黑土滩退化草地,于2012年引进了适于青藏高原栽培的16种禾本科牧草,采用随机区组试验,对不同品种在该地区的适应性、生产性能及营养价值进行了研究与综合评价。3年的研究结果表明:虉草不能越冬,其余15个牧草品种能安全越冬;青牧1号老芒麦、同德老芒麦、川草2号老芒麦无法完成生育期,其余12个牧草品种能完成生育期。2013-2014年青牧1号老芒麦地上植物量最高,为479.13g/m^2,阿坝披碱草次之。阿坝披碱草种子产量最高,为98.30g/m^2。梭罗草营养价值显著高于其他牧草品种。将高度、地上植物量、地下植物量、草籽产量、粗蛋白含量用模糊数学隶属函数综合评价,结果为:阿坝披碱草、垂穗披碱草、青海扁茎早熟禾、青海草地早熟禾、青海中华羊茅、同德短芒披碱草综合价值高,适宜在青海祁连山区推广种植。To identify potentially suitable gramineae species which could be used to enrich grassland on recovering black-soil flood zone in the upper Datong River in the Qilian Mountains,Qinghai Province,16 forage species suitable for cultivation on the Tibetan Plateau were assessed in 2012.Phenology,yield and nutritional value of all species were studied in a replicated trial arranged in a randomised block design over a 3year period.Phalaris arundinacea Sp.Pl.was not able to survive the winter.Elymus sibiricus cv.Qingmu No.1,E.sibiricus cv.Tongde,E.sibiricus cv.chuancao No.2were unable to completed their life cycles.Among the remaining species,the aboveground biomass was highest in E.sibiricus cv.Qingmu No.1(479.13g/m^2)followed by Elymus nutans cv.Aba.The seed yield of E.nutans cv.Aba was higher than that of any other species(98.30g/m^2).Forage quality,Kengyilia thoroldiana had high nutritional value in 2013-2014.Thus,the height,aboveground biomass,underground biomass,seed yield and quality of 15 forage species were analyzed by membership function.E.nutans cv.Aba,Poa pratensis var.anceps cv.Qinghai,Poa pratensis cv.Qinghai,Festuca sinensis cv.Qinghai and Elymus sibiricus cv.Tongde were identified as the most useful species;they adapted well to environmental conditions in the upper Datong River.

关 键 词：祁连山 大通河上游 引种试验 地上植物量 

分 类 号：S54[农业科学—作物学]