复配酸化对滴灌条件下石灰性土壤pH、磷有效性及玉米吸收的影响  

Effects of Complex Acidic Materials Application on the Growth of Maize,Soil pH and Available P in Calcareous Soil under Drip Irrigation

作　　者：黄致华 王娟[2] 李言言[2] 侯建伟[2] 李留仁[2] 危常州[2] 

机构地区：[1]石河子大学农学院,新疆石河子832003 [2]新疆生产建设兵团绿洲生态农业重点实验室,新疆石河子832003

出　　处：《新疆农业科学》2017年第4期660-666,共7页Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：农业部行业公益性专项"农作物最佳养分管理技术研究与应用"(201103003;201503217)~~

摘　　要：【目的】研究不同比例硫酸铵(生理酸性)和磷酸脲(化学酸性)在石灰性土壤上施用,对土壤酸碱度、土壤有效磷含量和玉米对磷素吸收及产量的影响。【方法】采用田间小区试验方法,模拟大田条件下复配酸化剂对作物生长发育的影响。【结果】施用硫酸铵和磷酸脲复配显著降低局部土壤pH,且随施用次数的增加,酸化效果呈现增强的趋势。在第6次施用复配酸化后酸化效果最强,土壤pH最大降幅0.35个单位,并且复配酸化显著提高了土壤有效磷含量。在等养分投入和管理水平下,施用复配酸化能增加玉米植株生物量和提高植株磷素累积量。与常规施肥处理相比,复配酸化的磷素累积量分别增加了29.86%、15.06%、11.52%,玉米产量提高了7.72%~10.58%。【结论】滴灌条件下施用复配酸化是提高石灰性土壤养分有效性和作物增产的一种有效方法。[ Objective] The project aims to study the effect of different ratios of acidic materials （ammo- nium sulfate and urea phosphate） applied to calcareous soil through drip irrigation on soil pH and P availability maize plant growth and P uptake. [ Method] [ Result] The results showed that different ratios of acidic materials under drip irrigation decreased the regional soil pH significantly, and acidification effect tended to rise with the increase of the acidulant application, and in the sixth application, it reached the peak. The largest decrease of soil pH was 0.35. And different ratios of acidic materials significantly increased available P content. Under the uniform nutrient inputs and management level, the results showed that application of different of ratios of acidic materials improved maize biomass and increased P accumulation of plant. P accumulation of different ratios of acidic materials was increased by 29.86%, 15.06% and 11.52% respectively compared with CK, and maize yield increased 7.72% - 10.58%. [ Conclusion] Applying different ratios of acidic materials can improve nutrient availability and crop yield in calcareous soil and it is an effective method.

关 键 词：玉米复配酸化 土壤有效磷 滴灌 石灰性土壤 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学] S533