辽宁省粮食作物水分生产率时空差异研究  

Spatial and Temporal Differences of Water Productivity of Grain Crops in Liaoning Province

作　　者：吴世德[1] 秦丽杰[1] Wu Shide et al.(School of Geographical Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China)

机构地区：[1]东北师范大学地理科学学院,吉林长春130024

出　　处：《安徽农学通报》2017年第11期14-18,共5页Anhui Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(41571526);水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2014ZX07201-011)

摘　　要：辽宁省是我国重要的商品粮主产区之一,但水资源严重短缺。分析粮食作物的水分生产率,可以为提高农业用水效率、缓解水资源压力提供依据。该文在计算辽宁省14个地级市2000—2012年主要粮食作物水分生产率的基础上,分析了其时间变化特征,并利用空间自相关分析法探讨了不同降水年型(丰、平、枯)的空间集聚特征。结果表明,研究时段内各地级市粮食作物水分生产率呈波动上升趋势,全省粮食作物的综合水分生产率由0.77kg/m^3上升到1.57kg/m^3,并在空间上存在差异和集聚现象。辽宁省北部及沿海地带的多年平均综合水分生产率较高,而中部地区较小。铁岭的综合水分生产率最高,达1.79kg/m^3;本溪的最低,仅为1.18kg/m^3。在枯水年(2006年),综合水分生产率在西部4市(朝阳、阜新、葫芦岛和锦州)存在一个低值聚集区。与此相反,在丰水年(2012年)西部地区呈现高值聚集区,而东部的丹东和中部的辽阳、营口出现低值聚集区。在平水年(2007年)集聚现象不显著。Liaoning Province is one of the major commodity grain producing areas, which also suffers from heavy water shortage. Improving water use efficiency of agriculture, especially the grain crops wator productivity, is the premise of relieving the water resource pressure and the conflict among various sectors. The crop water productivity of the 14 prefecture-level cities in Liaoning Province was calculated and the spatial and temporal variations was analyzed. The result showed a general increasing trend in water productivity from 0,77kghn3 in 2000 to 1.57kg/m3 in 2012.The cities with resemble water productivity value showed signifieatlt aggregation in spatial autocorrelation analysis, and Moran＇s I inspection values were higher than confidence level （0.05）. In dry year（2006）, areas with low water productivity centered with Chaoyang, Fuxin, Huludao and Jinzhou, all of which lied in the western, part of Liaoning Province. While in wet year（2012）, the western part became a high water productivity centered area, with low water productivity areas centered on Dandong, Liaoyang and Yingkou. In normal year, local aggregation was not significant.

关 键 词：水分生产率 粮食作物 时空差异 空间自相关 辽宁省 

分 类 号：S274[农业科学—农业水土工程]