沿海滩涂围垦生态补偿标准构建——基于能值拓展模型衡量的生态外溢价值  

Construction of Ecological Compensation Standard for Tidal Flat Reclamation——Based on the Spillover Ecological Value Measured by Expansion Emergy Synthesis Model

作　　者：王显金[1,2] 钟昌标[1] WANG Xian-jin ZHONG Chang-biao(Regional Economic and Social Development Research Institute, Business School, Ningbo University Ningbo 315211, China Ningbo Dahongying University, Ningbo 315175, China)

机构地区：[1]宁波大学商学院区域经济与社会发展研究院,浙江宁波315211 [2]宁波大红鹰学院,浙江宁波315175

出　　处：《自然资源学报》2017年第5期742-754,共13页Journal of Natural Resources

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(71673182);浙江省自然科学基金(LY13A010007)~~

摘　　要：论文综合利用能值分析法、生态足迹法等生态经济学方法,结合Shannon-Wiener指数和生态消费系数构建了沿海滩涂围垦生态补偿能值拓展模型以测算滩涂在各时期的生态外溢价值,并以生态外溢价值改变量作为滩涂围垦生态损害的衡量标准,且以此为生态补偿依据,在生态价值系数调整法的基础上建立了沿海滩涂围垦生态补偿标准。最后以杭州湾新区为例,测算了该区域滩涂围垦过程中各年份生态补偿标准,结果显示,2000—2015年,该区域生态补偿标准从2000年0美元/m^2平缓递增到2015年0.05美元/m^2。此研究表明,能值拓展模型能有效弥补传统的基于生态服务价值模型的一些不足,使评估标准相对客观化,评估结果动态化和体现对补偿主客体双方意愿的尊重。While tidal flat reclamation brings huge economic benefits to the coastal provincesand cities, it has a significant negative impact on the coastal environment evolvement. Thestudy of the ecological compensation mechanism for tidal flat reclamation has become anurgent strategic task for the protection of the ecological environment of coastal areas in China,and the compensation standard, which is the key to the success of implementing ecologicalcompensation policies and achieving the desired effect, is of great practical significance. Thepresent studies of ecological compensation standard tend to be based on the ecological servicevalue which often leads to inconsistent evaluation standards, double counting and staticevaluation result. Based on the notion of ＂equivalence between the damage and compensation of ecosystemservice＂ put forward by HAE, we took the spillover ecological value increment as the theoreticalcriteria of the ecological compensation standard for tidal flat reclamation. An ecologicalcompensation model for tidal flat reclamation was established to quantify the spillover ecologicalvalue in different periods on the basis of methods in ecological economics, such as emergyanalysis, ecological footprint, Shannon-Wiener index and ecological consumption coefficient.The loss of the spillover ecological value was taken as the criteria to measure the damagebrought about by tidal flat reclamation, and consequently to provide the reference for theecological compensation. An ecological compensation standard was consequently established fortidal flat reclamation based on ecological value coefficient adjustment. Finally Hangzhou Bay was chosen for a case study. The results showed that the spilloverecological value of Hangzhou Bay in 2000, 2004, 2009, 2015 was 2.40x 10^19, 1.20x10^19, 0.00, -0.21 x 1019 seJ respectively, the corresponding spillover ecological increments being 0.00,1.29x 10^19, 2.18x 10^19, 2.62x 10^19 seJ, and the ecological compensation standard for the tidal flatreclamation in Hangzhou Bay ro

关 键 词：滩涂围垦 生态外溢价值 能值拓展模型 

分 类 号：P748[天文地球—海洋科学]