改性聚丙烯酸酯包膜控释肥料的控释性能研究  

Study on the Controlled Release Performance of Modified Polyacrylate Coated Controlled Release Fertilizers

作　　者：赵聪[1,2] 申亚珍[1] 杜昌文[1] 周健民[1] 

机构地区：[1]土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室(中国科学院南京土壤研究所),南京210008 [2]山西省农业科学院旱地农业研究中心,太原030031

出　　处：《土壤学报》2017年第3期767-774,共8页Acta Pedologica Sinica

基　　金：山西省农业科学院博士研究基金(YBSJJ1303);公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201501024;201303103)资助~~

摘　　要：针对应用流化床包衣设备进行水溶性高分子聚合物包膜肥料中试生产中存在的问题,研究了交联剂用量对膜材料表面结构与疏水性能的影响,以及不同后处理工艺对改善包膜肥料控释性能的作用。结果表明,以水溶性高分子聚丙烯酸乳液为主成分的包膜材料中添加交联剂(氮丙啶)的比例由1%(质量百分数,下同)增加至2%,肥料包膜表面结构变得更加平整致密,疏水性能也有所增强,控释效果显著提升。在40℃静水浸泡的9 d时间内前者释放了90%以上的养分,而后者仅释放了约40%的养分。不同后处理工艺对增强包膜肥料的控释性能作用不一。烘箱加热的效果远好于微波处理,且当交联剂添加比例较低(0.3%)时,在一定范围内(60℃~80℃)升高后处理温度,包膜肥料的控释性能显著增强。而当交联剂添加比例增至1%以上时,升温对其控释性能几乎无影响。To solve the problems existing in the pilot scale production of water-soluble polymer coated fertilizer using the fluidized bed coating machine, this study was performed on effects of cross-linker dosage on surface structure and hydrophobicity of the coating and effects of different post-processing techniques on performance of controlled release. Results showed that when the cross-linker （aziridine） added into the water-soluble-polyacrylate-latex-dominated coating material, increased from a rate of 1% to the rate of 2%, surface structure of the fertilizer coating became smoother and denser, as well as higher hydrophobicity. Consequently, the coating performed much better in controlling nutrient release. When the two coated fertilizers different in cross-linker rate （1% and 2%） added into the coating material were soaked in still water at 40℃ in temperature for 9 days, it was found that the former released more than 90% of the total nutrients, whereas the latter just released about 40%. However, the performance varied with different post-coating treatment, and it was much better when the coating was oven-dried than when it was microwave-dried. When the coating was low in cross-linker dosage （0.3%）, higher processing temperature （60℃-80℃） significantly improved its performance, but when the coating was high in cross-linker dosage （〉 1%）, raising temperature almost did not have much effect.

关 键 词：聚丙烯酸脂 包膜肥料 流化床 改性 养分释放 

分 类 号：S145.5[农业科学—肥料学]