一种新的三维欧式距离变换方法及在数字岩心中的应用  

A new method of fast distance transform 3D image based on “neighborhood between voxels in space” theory

作　　者：王鑫[1] 姚军[2] 蒋泽云 张琦[1] 张臻 段利亚[1] 贾欣鑫[1] WANG Xin YAO Jun JIANG ZeYun ZHANG Qi ZHANG Zhen DUAN LiYa JIA XinXin(Institute of Oceanographic Instrumentation, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266000, China School of Petroleum Engineering in China University of Petroleum （East China）, Qingdao 266580, China Institute of Petroleum Engineering in Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh UK EH14 4AS, Scotland, Asialnfo＇s Technology China Research Center, Beijing 100000, China)

机构地区：[1]山东省科学院海洋仪器仪表研究所,青岛266000 [2]中国石油大学(华东)石油工程学院,青岛266580 [3]Institute of Petroleum Engineering in Heriot-Watt University,Edinburgh UK EH14 4AS,Scotland [4]亚信科技中国研发中心,北京100000

出　　处：《科学通报》2017年第15期1662-1669,共8页Chinese Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51504146,51234007,51490654);高等学校学科创新引智计划(B08028);山东省科学院青年基金(2015QN016,2014QN030,2015QN023)资助

摘　　要：针对目前距离变换方法在三维数字岩心中应用时,搜索方向多、计算数据量大、耗费时间多、占用内存大等问题,提出一种基于几何拓扑学理论中空间邻居关系的新的距离化搜索算法.根据岩石内部孔隙结构与二维平面欧式距离求解方法,引入一个三维空间距离游标进行辅助计算.相比现有方法,新的算法简化了邻居域欧式距离值的比较规则,避免了复杂的欧式距离结构体带来的大量运算,且算法复杂度低,可以被更好地理解和应用.本文详细叙述了算法的具体实现过程,并将该方法推广到具有缝洞特征碳酸盐岩数字岩心的孔隙空间分割工作中.结果表明该方法准确高效,对于油气藏孔隙级微观描述具有现实意义.Digital core technology is a new type of tool for analyzing and explaining the flow characteristics and fluid distribution of reservoir. Digital core technology has been widely used in recent years to describe features of pose space and simulate the process of fluid flow. As the basement of segmentation of pore space and reconstruction of pore network, the improvement of distance transform method has great impact on the development of digital core analysis technology. The accuracy and computation speed of distance transform method can directly affect the size of digital data and the detailedness of pore network model. Euclidean distance transform is the most precise one among all the distance transform methods, which means it is suitable for processing digital core data and calculating distance map. For traditional Euclidean distance transform method application in three-dimensional space data, there exist problems, such as too many search directions, large amount of data, and time-consuming. Large-scale data of digital core is hard to be transformed by this method. Therefore, a new theory of space based geometric topology neighbor relationship distance search algorithm was proposed in this paper. By introducing theory of neighborhood in 3D space, the relationship between 3×3×3 neighborhood with whole core data can be constructed, the computational area is greatly narrowed so that computation speed can be improved markedly Then, instead of calculating every distance between pore voxels and skeleton voxels, the Euclidean distance of a pore voxel can be obtained by scanning the distance value of its 3×3×3 neighborhood. Exact Euclidean distance map of digital core data includes large-scale data showed after only two-scans. Noteworthily, due to the disturbing of boundary points which out the range of data size, special treatment is needed to process the pore voxels which near boundary of digital core data. Compared to existing methods, according to the interior of the rock pore structure characteristics, we simp

关 键 词：距离变换 数字岩心 三维图像 空间邻居关系 几何拓扑学 

分 类 号：TP391.41[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术]