基于多工况的新型着陆器软着陆性能优化  

Soft landing performance optimization for novel lander based on multiple working conditions

作　　者：吴宏宇[1] 王春洁[1,2] 丁建中 满剑锋[1,3] 罗敏[3] WU Hongyu WANG Chunjie DINGJlanzhong MAN Jtanfeng LUO Min(School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Beijing 100083, China State Key Laboratory of Virtual Reality and Systems, Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Beijing 100083, China Beijing Institute of Spacecraft System Engineering, Beijing 100094, China)

机构地区：[1]北京航空航天大学机械工程及自动化学院,北京100083 [2]北京航空航天大学虚拟现实技术与系统国家重点实验室,北京100083 [3]北京空间飞行器总体设计部,北京100094

出　　处：《北京航空航天大学学报》2017年第4期776-781,共6页Journal of Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics

摘　　要：以新型腿式着陆器为研究对象,建立其刚柔耦合动力学分析模型,实现着陆器软着陆过程的仿真。通过仿真计算,确定着陆器最易翻倒、底面最易与星球表面岩石碰撞、主体承受最大碰撞力的3组恶劣着陆工况。分析着陆器缓冲机构构型选取设计变量,基于仿真得到的3组恶劣工况,应用第二代非劣排序遗传算法(NSGA-Ⅱ)实现着陆器软着陆性能的优化,优化目标为增强着陆器抗翻倒能力、降低着陆器底面与星球表面岩石碰撞的可能性、降低着陆器主体最大受力值。将优化所得参数代入模型重新进行仿真,着陆器不再发生翻倒,着陆平台底面与星球表面最小距离提高4.2%,主体最大受力值降低12.1%。A rigid-flexible coupled dynamics model was established for simulating and analyzing the soft landing process of the novel leg type lander. Three groups of bad landing conditions, in which the lander most easily overturns, bottom surface of the lander most easily collides with rocks on the surface of the planet, and body of the lander bears the greatest impact force, were found by iterating over landing parameters. According to the configuration of buffering mechanism, design variables of optimization were selected. Based on the three groups of bad landing conditions and non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm Ⅱ （NSGA- Ⅱ ） , a multi-objec- tive optimization method was applied to enhance the ability of the lander to resist overturning, reduce the pos- sibility that the bottom surface of lander collides with rocks on the surface of the planet, and reduce the impact on the body of lander. In the simulation using optimized parameters, the model does not overturn any longer. The minimum distance between bottom surface of the landing platform of the lander and surface of the planet increases by 4.2% , and the impact on the body of lander reduces by 12.1%.

关 键 词：腿式着陆器 刚柔耦合模型 动力学分析 软着陆性能 多目标优化 

分 类 号：V423.6[航空宇航科学与技术—飞行器设计]